摘要
从汉至清两千年间,经为国家治理提供了终级依据。当代中国实行依法治国。如果把当代中国称为法治时代的中国,亦即法治中国,那么,从汉至清的中国则是"经治时代"的中国,亦即"经治中国"。"经治中国"实行"依经治国"。"依经治国"是由董仲舒开创的一个法理命题,同时也是从汉至清两千年间中国固有法理学的主题。根据董仲舒的论述,"依经治国"可以从两个方面来理解。一方面,依经治国是建构文明秩序的主要途径,君与民的关系、天与君的关系,都应当根据经来调整。这就是说,以《春秋》为核心的经充当了建构文明秩序、推进国家治理的根本规范,依经治国就是要发挥《春秋》作为宪法或根本规范的作用。另一方面,以《春秋》为核心的经,还构成了裁判个案应当遵循的具体规范或裁判规范。这两个方面表明,经奠定了从汉至清时期华夏文明秩序的底色,也塑造了那个时期中国法理学的主题,那就是"依经治国"。倘若要追根溯源,那么,"依经治国"这个命题主要是由董仲舒开创的。
From the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty,when Confucian classics provided the ultimate basis for national governance,contemporary China implements the rule of law.If we call the contemporary era that of rule of law,then China from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty was the era of rule of the Confucian classics.The theme of rule of the Confucian classics was initiated by Dong Zhongshu.According to Dong Zhongshu’s exposition,rule of the Confucian classics coulcl be understood from two aspects.On the one hand,governing the country according to the Confucian classics was the main way to construct the civilized order.The relationship between the monarch and the people,and that between heaven and monarch,should be adjusted according to the Confucian classics.That is to say,the Confucian classics served as the fundamental norms for the construction of civilized order and the promotion of national governance.On the other hand,the Confucian classics also constituted the specific norms or judicial norms that should be followed in case of adjudication.These two aspects showed that Confucian classics established the foundation of Chinese civilization order from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty,and also shaped the theme of Chinese jurisprudence in this period.If we want to trace back to the source,the proposition of rule of the Confucian classics was initiated by Dong Zhongshu.
出处
《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期146-160,209,共16页
Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
