摘要
随着全球化进程的深入和全球史的兴起,早期全球化研究吸引了越来越多学者的关注。美国著名的经济史、全球史学者丹尼斯·弗林和阿图罗·吉拉尔德兹基于太平洋史和白银贸易史研究提出了独具特色的早期全球化理论。他们认为早期全球化始于1571年马尼拉被建立为联系亚洲和美洲之间贸易的商业中心;早期全球化进程包括三个周期,即1540年到1640年的波托西—日本白银周期、1700年到1750年的墨西哥白银周期,以及后1750年的茶叶和鸦片周期;早期全球化的动力主要来自于中国对白银的巨大需求。他们的早期全球化理论带有鲜明的特征,兼重环球航路的闭合与稳定贸易的形成,强调中国的动力中心作用,重视跨学科研究方法的应用,同时也不可避免地带有一定的局限性。
With the deepening of globalization and the rise of global history,the study of early globalization has attracted more and more attention from scholars.As famous American scholars of economic history and global history,Dennis O.Flynn and Arturo Giráldez have put forward their unique theory of early globalization based on the research of the Pacific Ocean history and the silver trade history.They argue that the early globalization began with the establishment of Manila as the entrepot linking the trade between America and Asia in 1571;the early globalization process consisted of three cycles,namely the Potosi-Japan silver cycle from the 1540 s to 1640,the Mexican silver cycle of 1700-1750,and the post-1750 s tea and opium cycle;the early globalization was mainly driven by the China’s huge demand for silver.This theory is characterized by its focus on the closure of global navigation route and the establishment of stable trade,its emphasis on the central role of China’s dynamic,and the application of interdisciplinary research methods.Meanwhile it also has some inevitable limitations.
出处
《全球史评论》
2021年第2期16-37,327,共23页
Global History Review
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“多卷本《西方城市史》”(项目编号:17ZDA229)的阶段性成果
