摘要
欧盟及欧洲一体化进程一度被认为是和平与繁荣的典范。随着欧洲一体化的深化和扩大以及多重危机的此起彼伏,成员国对欧盟的态度立场及对欧洲一体化路径选择上的差异性加大。这种差异性主要表现为强化一体化、去一体化、维持一体化和再一体化四种路径选择。传统的一体化理论及国际关系理论未对欧洲当前的差异性一体化进行全面有效的解释。经济收益与规范认同的差异化通过欧盟成员国层面的政治化机制表现出来,并塑造了成员国对欧洲一体化的路径选择:当一国从一体化进程中获益和处于主导优势地位,并与欧盟规范认同相一致时,该成员国将支持欧洲一体化的深化;当一国无法在一体化进程中获益,并对欧盟规范认同存疑时,该成员国将支持去一体化路径;当一国能够从一体化进程中获益但处于从属地位,并与欧盟规范认同保持一致时,该成员国将采取维持一体化的路径;当一国能够从一体化进程中获益但处于从属地位,且与欧盟规范认同相左时,该成员国将会支持欧洲一体化的偏转,即再一体化路径。在未来,差异性一体化可能成为地区治理的新常态。
European integration is regarded as a model of keeping peace and fulfilling prosperity.However,with the deepening and expansion of European integration,as well as multiple crises in Europe,the attitudes and perceptions of member states towards the EU and European integration are increasingly diversified.The differentiation is mainly manifested in the choice of European integration,including strengthening integration,de-integration,preserving integration and re-integration.Traditional integration theories and international relations theories have failed to explain European differential integration comprehensively.Economic benefits and normative identities are the main variables for explaining differentiated integration,which are mediated by politicization mechanism,thereby cultivating member states’diversified approaches towards European integration.If member states benefit from and dominate in the European integration,as well as being consistent with the EU norms,they will prefer to deepen European integration.If member states are unable to obtain economic benefits,or not consistent with the EU norms,they will choose de-integration.If member states benefit from European integration and fit for EU norms,despite their subordinate position in the European integration,they will choose to preserve integration.If member states are subordinate to European integration,and are at odds with EU norms,despite their economic benefits from the European integration,they will support re-integration.Differentiated integration has been the new normal in regional governance in the future.
作者
贺之杲
巩潇泫
He Zhigao;Gong Xiaoxuan(Institute of European Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;School of International Relations,Tianjin Foreign Studies University)
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期78-104,158-159,共29页
World Economics and Politics
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“‘一带一路’背景下的中国与一体化组织的外交政策研究”(项目批准号:16CGJ017)的阶段性成果
关键词
经济收益
规范认同
政治化机制
差异性一体化
地区治理
economic benefits
normative identity
politicization
European differentiated integration
regional governance
