In this paper,a design of ultraphonic tubulous water communication system based on OFDM is introduced. The system takes PL3106 which is embedded enhanced 8051 microprocessor as the control chip and takes TMS320VC5509 ...In this paper,a design of ultraphonic tubulous water communication system based on OFDM is introduced. The system takes PL3106 which is embedded enhanced 8051 microprocessor as the control chip and takes TMS320VC5509 as the core of OFDM modulation-demodulation.In the paper,the principle of OFDM is introduced briefly.The hardware and software of the system are designed and the experimental results are analysed and concluded.展开更多
Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy(SR-SIM)is an outstanding method for visualizing the subcellular dynamics in living cells.To date,by using elaborately designed systems and algorithms,SR-SIM can achi...Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy(SR-SIM)is an outstanding method for visualizing the subcellular dynamics in living cells.To date,by using elaborately designed systems and algorithms,SR-SIM can achieve rapid,optically sectioned,SR observation with hundreds to thousands of time points.However,real-time observation is still out of reach for most SIM setups as conventional algorithms for image reconstruction involve a heavy computing burden.To address this limitation,an accelerated reconstruction algorithm was developed by implementing a simplified workflow for SR-SIM,termed joint space and frequency reconstruction.This algorithm results in an 80-fold improvement in reconstruction speed relative to the widely used Wiener-SIM.Critically,the increased processing speed does not come at the expense of spatial resolution or sectioning capability,as demonstrated by live imaging of microtubule dynamics and mitochondrial tubulation.展开更多
Cardiac dysfunction is a well-known consequence of diabetes,with sustained hyperglycaemia leading to the development of a cardiomyopathy that is independent of cardiovascular disease or hypertension.Animal models of d...Cardiac dysfunction is a well-known consequence of diabetes,with sustained hyperglycaemia leading to the development of a cardiomyopathy that is independent of cardiovascular disease or hypertension.Animal models of diabetes are commonly used to study the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy,with the hope that increased knowledge will lead ultimately to better therapeutic strategies being developed.At physiological temperature,left ventricular trabeculae isolated from the streptozotocin rat model of type 1 diabetes showed decreased stress and prolonged relaxation,but with no evidence that decreased contractility was a result of altered myocardial Ca2+handling.Although sarcoplasmic reticulum(SR)Ca2+reuptake appeared slower in diabetic trabeculae,it was offset by an increase in actionpotential duration,thereby maintaining SR Ca2+content and favouring increased contraction force.Frequency analysis of t-tubule distribution by confocal imaging of ventricular tissue labeled with wheat germ agglutinin or ryanodine receptor antibodies showed a reduced T-power for diabetic tissue,but the differences were minor in comparison to other models of heart failure.The contractile dysfunction appeared to be the result of disrupted F-actin in conjunction with the increased typeⅠcollagen,with decreased myofilament Ca2+sensitivity contributing to the slowed relaxation.展开更多
Objective To evaluate effects of cypermethrin on the testis histology and testosterone, LH and FSH in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods The intact adult male rats were randomly divided into five groups and were ...Objective To evaluate effects of cypermethrin on the testis histology and testosterone, LH and FSH in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods The intact adult male rats were randomly divided into five groups and were treated with cypermethrin at doses of 0, 7.5, 15, 30, or 60 mg/kg per day by oral gavage for 15-days. After the treatments, serum was collected for hormone assays. The testes, epididymides, seminal vesicles, and prostates were excised and weighed. The right testis was frozen for daily sperm production and the left one was processed for histopathology. Results Daily sperm production decreased significantly in 30 and 60 mg/（kg.day） groups. Testicular structure abnormalities included atrophic and distorted seminiferous tubules, deformed and disordered arrangement of germ cells, reduced germ cells, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells, vacuolization and multinucleated formations of spermatids in the cypermethrin-treated rats. Vacuolization was found in Sertoli cells and the deformed nucleus was noted in Leydig cells. Serum testosterone reduced significantly in 30 and 60 mg/（kg.day） groups. Serum FSH increased significantly in 60 mg/（kg.day） group. Conclusion Cypermethrin induces impairments of the seminiferous tubules structure and spermatogenesis in the rats. The damages of the male reproductive system may be attributed to the imbalance of circulating testosterone.展开更多
<abstract>Aim: To observe the acute effect of the organophosphorous insecticide malathion on testicular function in mice. Methods: The effects of a single dose of malathion [240 mg/kg (1/12 LD50)] on plasma acet...<abstract>Aim: To observe the acute effect of the organophosphorous insecticide malathion on testicular function in mice. Methods: The effects of a single dose of malathion [240 mg/kg (1/12 LD50)] on plasma acetylcholinesterase (ACE) activity, spermatozoa (epididymal cauda counts and teratozoospermia), testis and plasma testosterone concentration) were evaluated at day 1,8, 16, 35 and 40 after treatment. Results: The sperm count was decreased significantly 24 h after treatment and teratozoospermia was increased at day 35 and 40. The height of the seminiferous epithelium and the diameter of tubular lumen were decreased at day 8. The percentage of tubular blockade was increased between day 8 and 35. A decrease in testosterone plasma level was observed at day 16 after treatment. Conclusion: Malathion damages male reproduction. The depletion of seminiferous tubules and the increase in teratozoospermia may be a genotoxic damage to the renewing spermatogonia, but the possibility of spermatogenic/ spermiogenic disfunction due to a decrease in the plasma testosterone level can not be ruled out.展开更多
The blood-testis barrier （BTB） is found between adjacent Sertoli cells in the testis where it creates a unique microenvironment for the development and maturation of meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells in seminiferou...The blood-testis barrier （BTB） is found between adjacent Sertoli cells in the testis where it creates a unique microenvironment for the development and maturation of meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells in seminiferous tubes. It is a compound proteinous structure, composed of several types of cell junctions including tight junctions （TJs）, adhesion junctions and gap junctions （GJs）. Some of the junctional proteins function as structural proteins of BTB and some have regulatory roles. The deletion or functional silencing of genes encoding these proteins may disrupt the BTB, which may cause immunological or other damages to meiotic and postmeiotic cells and ultimately lead to spermatogenic arrest and infertility. In this review, we will summarize the findings on the BTB structure and function from genetically-modified mouse models and discuss the future perspectives.展开更多
Objective： To evaluate autogenous vein grafts and inside-out vein grafts as conduits for the defects repair in the rabbit facial nerves. Methods： The 10 nun segments of buccal division of facial nerve were transect...Objective： To evaluate autogenous vein grafts and inside-out vein grafts as conduits for the defects repair in the rabbit facial nerves. Methods： The 10 nun segments of buccal division of facial nerve were transected for 48 rabbits in this study. Then the gaps were immediately repaired by autogenous vein grafts or inside-out vein grafts in different groups. All the animals underwent the whisker movement test and electrophysiologic test during the following 16 weeks at different time points postoperatively. Subsequently, the histological examination was performed to observe the facial nerve regeneration morphologically. Results： At 8 weeks after operation, the facial nerve regeneration has significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in electrophysiologic test and histological observation. However, at the end of this study, 16 weeks after operation, there was no signifi- cant difference between inside-out vein grafts and standard vein grafts in enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration. Conclusion： This study suggest that both kinds of vein grafts play positive roles in facial nerve regeneration after being repaired immediately, but the autogenous inside-out vein grafts might accelerate and facilitate axonal regeneration as compared with control.展开更多
In recent decades,a cardiomyocyte membrane scaffolding protein bridging integrator 1(BIN1) has emerged as a critical multifunctional regulator of transverse-tubule(t-tubule) function and calcium signaling in cardiomyo...In recent decades,a cardiomyocyte membrane scaffolding protein bridging integrator 1(BIN1) has emerged as a critical multifunctional regulator of transverse-tubule(t-tubule) function and calcium signaling in cardiomyocytes.Encoded by a single gene with 20 exons that are alternatively spliced,more than ten BIN1 protein isoforms are expressed with tissue and disease specificity.The recently discovered cardiac alternatively spliced isoform BIN1(cBIN1 or BIN1 +13 + 17)plays a crucial role in organizing membrane microfolds within cardiac t-tubules.These cBIN1-induced microfolds form functional dyad microdomains by trafficking L-type calcium channels(LTCC) to t-tubule membrane and recruiting ryanodine receptors(RyR) to junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane.When cBIN1 is transcriptionally reduced as occurs in heart failure,cBIN1-microfolds are disrupted and fail to form LTCC and RyR couplons.As a result,impaired dyad formation limits excitation-contraction coupling thus cardiac contractility,and accumulation of orphaned leaky RyRs outside of dyads increases ventricular arrhythmias.Reduced myocardial BIN1 in heart failure is also detectable at the blood level,and plasma BIN1 level predicts heart failure progression and future arrhythmias in cardiomyopathy patients.Here we will review the recent progress in BIN1-related cardiomyocyte biology studies and discuss the diagnostic and predictive values of cBIN1 in future clinical use.展开更多
文摘In this paper,a design of ultraphonic tubulous water communication system based on OFDM is introduced. The system takes PL3106 which is embedded enhanced 8051 microprocessor as the control chip and takes TMS320VC5509 as the core of OFDM modulation-demodulation.In the paper,the principle of OFDM is introduced briefly.The hardware and software of the system are designed and the experimental results are analysed and concluded.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Nos. 62005208, 62135003, and 61905189)Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi (No. 2021TD-57)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Nos. 2020M673365 and 2019M663656)National Institutes of Health Grant GM100156 to PRB
文摘Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy(SR-SIM)is an outstanding method for visualizing the subcellular dynamics in living cells.To date,by using elaborately designed systems and algorithms,SR-SIM can achieve rapid,optically sectioned,SR observation with hundreds to thousands of time points.However,real-time observation is still out of reach for most SIM setups as conventional algorithms for image reconstruction involve a heavy computing burden.To address this limitation,an accelerated reconstruction algorithm was developed by implementing a simplified workflow for SR-SIM,termed joint space and frequency reconstruction.This algorithm results in an 80-fold improvement in reconstruction speed relative to the widely used Wiener-SIM.Critically,the increased processing speed does not come at the expense of spatial resolution or sectioning capability,as demonstrated by live imaging of microtubule dynamics and mitochondrial tubulation.
基金Supported by The Health Research Council of New Zealand
文摘Cardiac dysfunction is a well-known consequence of diabetes,with sustained hyperglycaemia leading to the development of a cardiomyopathy that is independent of cardiovascular disease or hypertension.Animal models of diabetes are commonly used to study the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy,with the hope that increased knowledge will lead ultimately to better therapeutic strategies being developed.At physiological temperature,left ventricular trabeculae isolated from the streptozotocin rat model of type 1 diabetes showed decreased stress and prolonged relaxation,but with no evidence that decreased contractility was a result of altered myocardial Ca2+handling.Although sarcoplasmic reticulum(SR)Ca2+reuptake appeared slower in diabetic trabeculae,it was offset by an increase in actionpotential duration,thereby maintaining SR Ca2+content and favouring increased contraction force.Frequency analysis of t-tubule distribution by confocal imaging of ventricular tissue labeled with wheat germ agglutinin or ryanodine receptor antibodies showed a reduced T-power for diabetic tissue,but the differences were minor in comparison to other models of heart failure.The contractile dysfunction appeared to be the result of disrupted F-actin in conjunction with the increased typeⅠcollagen,with decreased myofilament Ca2+sensitivity contributing to the slowed relaxation.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC,No.30872143)the Project was funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)Foundation of XuZhou Medical College (2010KJ26)
文摘Objective To evaluate effects of cypermethrin on the testis histology and testosterone, LH and FSH in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods The intact adult male rats were randomly divided into five groups and were treated with cypermethrin at doses of 0, 7.5, 15, 30, or 60 mg/kg per day by oral gavage for 15-days. After the treatments, serum was collected for hormone assays. The testes, epididymides, seminal vesicles, and prostates were excised and weighed. The right testis was frozen for daily sperm production and the left one was processed for histopathology. Results Daily sperm production decreased significantly in 30 and 60 mg/（kg.day） groups. Testicular structure abnormalities included atrophic and distorted seminiferous tubules, deformed and disordered arrangement of germ cells, reduced germ cells, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells, vacuolization and multinucleated formations of spermatids in the cypermethrin-treated rats. Vacuolization was found in Sertoli cells and the deformed nucleus was noted in Leydig cells. Serum testosterone reduced significantly in 30 and 60 mg/（kg.day） groups. Serum FSH increased significantly in 60 mg/（kg.day） group. Conclusion Cypermethrin induces impairments of the seminiferous tubules structure and spermatogenesis in the rats. The damages of the male reproductive system may be attributed to the imbalance of circulating testosterone.
文摘<abstract>Aim: To observe the acute effect of the organophosphorous insecticide malathion on testicular function in mice. Methods: The effects of a single dose of malathion [240 mg/kg (1/12 LD50)] on plasma acetylcholinesterase (ACE) activity, spermatozoa (epididymal cauda counts and teratozoospermia), testis and plasma testosterone concentration) were evaluated at day 1,8, 16, 35 and 40 after treatment. Results: The sperm count was decreased significantly 24 h after treatment and teratozoospermia was increased at day 35 and 40. The height of the seminiferous epithelium and the diameter of tubular lumen were decreased at day 8. The percentage of tubular blockade was increased between day 8 and 35. A decrease in testosterone plasma level was observed at day 16 after treatment. Conclusion: Malathion damages male reproduction. The depletion of seminiferous tubules and the increase in teratozoospermia may be a genotoxic damage to the renewing spermatogonia, but the possibility of spermatogenic/ spermiogenic disfunction due to a decrease in the plasma testosterone level can not be ruled out.
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program （Nos. 2013CB947900, 2013CB945502 and 2014CB943101） of China （973）, by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 31371519） and the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences （No. KSCX2-EW-R-07）.
文摘The blood-testis barrier （BTB） is found between adjacent Sertoli cells in the testis where it creates a unique microenvironment for the development and maturation of meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells in seminiferous tubes. It is a compound proteinous structure, composed of several types of cell junctions including tight junctions （TJs）, adhesion junctions and gap junctions （GJs）. Some of the junctional proteins function as structural proteins of BTB and some have regulatory roles. The deletion or functional silencing of genes encoding these proteins may disrupt the BTB, which may cause immunological or other damages to meiotic and postmeiotic cells and ultimately lead to spermatogenic arrest and infertility. In this review, we will summarize the findings on the BTB structure and function from genetically-modified mouse models and discuss the future perspectives.
文摘Objective： To evaluate autogenous vein grafts and inside-out vein grafts as conduits for the defects repair in the rabbit facial nerves. Methods： The 10 nun segments of buccal division of facial nerve were transected for 48 rabbits in this study. Then the gaps were immediately repaired by autogenous vein grafts or inside-out vein grafts in different groups. All the animals underwent the whisker movement test and electrophysiologic test during the following 16 weeks at different time points postoperatively. Subsequently, the histological examination was performed to observe the facial nerve regeneration morphologically. Results： At 8 weeks after operation, the facial nerve regeneration has significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in electrophysiologic test and histological observation. However, at the end of this study, 16 weeks after operation, there was no signifi- cant difference between inside-out vein grafts and standard vein grafts in enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration. Conclusion： This study suggest that both kinds of vein grafts play positive roles in facial nerve regeneration after being repaired immediately, but the autogenous inside-out vein grafts might accelerate and facilitate axonal regeneration as compared with control.
基金supported by the United States National Institute of Health/National Heart,Lung,and Blood Institute (NIH/NHLBI,Hong R01 HL133286)American Heart Association (AHA)(IRG27780031,BGIA27770151)
文摘In recent decades,a cardiomyocyte membrane scaffolding protein bridging integrator 1(BIN1) has emerged as a critical multifunctional regulator of transverse-tubule(t-tubule) function and calcium signaling in cardiomyocytes.Encoded by a single gene with 20 exons that are alternatively spliced,more than ten BIN1 protein isoforms are expressed with tissue and disease specificity.The recently discovered cardiac alternatively spliced isoform BIN1(cBIN1 or BIN1 +13 + 17)plays a crucial role in organizing membrane microfolds within cardiac t-tubules.These cBIN1-induced microfolds form functional dyad microdomains by trafficking L-type calcium channels(LTCC) to t-tubule membrane and recruiting ryanodine receptors(RyR) to junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane.When cBIN1 is transcriptionally reduced as occurs in heart failure,cBIN1-microfolds are disrupted and fail to form LTCC and RyR couplons.As a result,impaired dyad formation limits excitation-contraction coupling thus cardiac contractility,and accumulation of orphaned leaky RyRs outside of dyads increases ventricular arrhythmias.Reduced myocardial BIN1 in heart failure is also detectable at the blood level,and plasma BIN1 level predicts heart failure progression and future arrhythmias in cardiomyopathy patients.Here we will review the recent progress in BIN1-related cardiomyocyte biology studies and discuss the diagnostic and predictive values of cBIN1 in future clinical use.
