The most common methods for three-dimensional reconstruction of peripheral nerve fascicles include histological and radiology techniques. Histological techniques have many drawbacks including an enormous manual worklo...The most common methods for three-dimensional reconstruction of peripheral nerve fascicles include histological and radiology techniques. Histological techniques have many drawbacks including an enormous manual workload and poor image registration. Micro-magnetic resonance imaging（Micro-MRI）, an emerging radiology technique, has been used to report results in the brain, liver and tumor tissues. However, micro-MRI usage for obtaining intraneural structures has not been reported. The aim of this study was to present a new imaging method for three-dimensional reconstruction of peripheral nerve fascicles by ~1T micro-MRI. Freshly harvested sciatic nerve samples from an amputated limb were divided into four groups. Two different scanning conditions（Mannerist Solution/GD-DTPA contrast agent, distilled water） were selected, and both T1 and T2 phases programmed for each scanning condition. Three clinical surgeons evaluated the quality of the images via a standardized scale. Moreover, to analyze deformation of the two-dimensional image, the nerve diameter and total area of the micro-MRI images were compared after hematoxylin-eosin staining. The results show that rapid micro-MRI imaging method can be used for three-dimensional reconstruction of the fascicle structure. Nerve sample immersed in contrast agent（Mannerist Solution/GD-DTPA） and scanned in the T1 phase was the best. Moreover, the nerve sample was scanned freshly and can be recycled for other procedures. MRI images show better stability and smaller deformation compared with histological images. In conclusion, micro-MRI provides a feasible and rapid method for three-dimensional reconstruction of peripheral nerve fascicles, which can clearly show the internal structure of the peripheral nerve.展开更多
Alpinia oxyphylla,a traditional herb,is widely used for its neuroprotective,antioxidant and memory-improving effects.However,the neuroprotective mechanisms of action of its active ingredients are unclear.In this study...Alpinia oxyphylla,a traditional herb,is widely used for its neuroprotective,antioxidant and memory-improving effects.However,the neuroprotective mechanisms of action of its active ingredients are unclear.In this study,we investigated the neuroprotective effects of various organic extracts of Alpinia oxyphylla on PC12 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in vitro.Alpinia oxyphylla was extracted three times with 95%ethanol(representing extracts 1–3).The third 95%ethanol extract was dried and resuspended in water,and then extracted successively with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and n-butanol(representing extracts 4–6).The cell counting kit-8 assay and microscopy were used to evaluate cell viability and observe the morphology of PC12 cells.The protective effect of the three ethanol extracts(at tested concentrations of 50,100 and 200μg/mL)against cytotoxicity to PC12 cells increased in a concentration-dependent manner.The ethyl acetate,petroleum ether and n-butanol extracts(each tested at 100,150 and 200μg/mL)had neuroprotective effects as well.The optimum effective concentration ranged from 50–200μg/mL,and the protective effect of the ethyl acetate extract was comparatively robust.These results demonstrate that organic extracts of Alpinia oxyphylla protect PC12 cells against apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide.Our findings should help identify the bioactive neuroprotective components in Alpinia oxyphylla.展开更多
Stroke is usually treated by systemic thrombolytic therapy if the patient presents within an appropriate time window. There is also widespread interest in the development of thrombolytic agents that can be used in cas...Stroke is usually treated by systemic thrombolytic therapy if the patient presents within an appropriate time window. There is also widespread interest in the development of thrombolytic agents that can be used in cases of delayed presentation. Current agents that can be used in cases of delayed presentation of nerve damage by thrombus. Current systemic thrombolytic therapy is associated with adverse effects such as fibrinogenolysis and bleeding. In an attempt to increase the efficacy, safety, and specificity of thrombolytic therapy, a number of targeted thrombolytic agents have been studied in recent years. This review focuses on the concepts underlying targeted thrombolytic therapy and describes recent drug developments in this field.展开更多
神经性毒剂具有剧毒性和毁灭性效应,可对国家安全和公众健康构成严重威胁,被禁止化学武器组织(Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons,OPCW)列入附表化合物清单。开发原位实时、高效实用的神经性毒剂分析技术和便携式...神经性毒剂具有剧毒性和毁灭性效应,可对国家安全和公众健康构成严重威胁,被禁止化学武器组织(Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons,OPCW)列入附表化合物清单。开发原位实时、高效实用的神经性毒剂分析技术和便携式检测装备对于毒剂侦测和应急处置具有重要意义。神经性毒剂侦测技术的进步与传感器准确可靠感知目标分析物的能力和水平息息相关。薄膜荧光传感器(Fluorescent Film Sensor,FFS)是一种使用荧光敏感薄膜作为关键信号组件的小型分析装置,由于满足原位和实时检测的要求,其越来越受到关注,并发展成为继离子迁移谱(Ion Mobility Spectroscopy,IMS)之后的新一代超灵敏便携式分析技术。本文基于研究团队在FFS方面的研究进展,概述了薄膜荧光检测技术在神经性毒剂检测领域的研究及应用,并对该领域面临的挑战和未来发展进行了展望。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Plan of China,No.31670986(to QTZ)the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province of China,No.2014B020227001,2017A050501017(to QTZ)the Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou of China,No.201807010082(to QTZ),201704030041(to JQ)
文摘The most common methods for three-dimensional reconstruction of peripheral nerve fascicles include histological and radiology techniques. Histological techniques have many drawbacks including an enormous manual workload and poor image registration. Micro-magnetic resonance imaging（Micro-MRI）, an emerging radiology technique, has been used to report results in the brain, liver and tumor tissues. However, micro-MRI usage for obtaining intraneural structures has not been reported. The aim of this study was to present a new imaging method for three-dimensional reconstruction of peripheral nerve fascicles by ~1T micro-MRI. Freshly harvested sciatic nerve samples from an amputated limb were divided into four groups. Two different scanning conditions（Mannerist Solution/GD-DTPA contrast agent, distilled water） were selected, and both T1 and T2 phases programmed for each scanning condition. Three clinical surgeons evaluated the quality of the images via a standardized scale. Moreover, to analyze deformation of the two-dimensional image, the nerve diameter and total area of the micro-MRI images were compared after hematoxylin-eosin staining. The results show that rapid micro-MRI imaging method can be used for three-dimensional reconstruction of the fascicle structure. Nerve sample immersed in contrast agent（Mannerist Solution/GD-DTPA） and scanned in the T1 phase was the best. Moreover, the nerve sample was scanned freshly and can be recycled for other procedures. MRI images show better stability and smaller deformation compared with histological images. In conclusion, micro-MRI provides a feasible and rapid method for three-dimensional reconstruction of peripheral nerve fascicles, which can clearly show the internal structure of the peripheral nerve.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81574038(to ZZW)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China,No.2017A030313842(to LHD)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Foundation of Guangdong Province of China,No.2017A050506007(to YHL)the Technology Research Foundation of Basic Research Project of Shenzhen City of China,No.JCYJ20170412161254416(to ZZW)
文摘Alpinia oxyphylla,a traditional herb,is widely used for its neuroprotective,antioxidant and memory-improving effects.However,the neuroprotective mechanisms of action of its active ingredients are unclear.In this study,we investigated the neuroprotective effects of various organic extracts of Alpinia oxyphylla on PC12 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in vitro.Alpinia oxyphylla was extracted three times with 95%ethanol(representing extracts 1–3).The third 95%ethanol extract was dried and resuspended in water,and then extracted successively with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and n-butanol(representing extracts 4–6).The cell counting kit-8 assay and microscopy were used to evaluate cell viability and observe the morphology of PC12 cells.The protective effect of the three ethanol extracts(at tested concentrations of 50,100 and 200μg/mL)against cytotoxicity to PC12 cells increased in a concentration-dependent manner.The ethyl acetate,petroleum ether and n-butanol extracts(each tested at 100,150 and 200μg/mL)had neuroprotective effects as well.The optimum effective concentration ranged from 50–200μg/mL,and the protective effect of the ethyl acetate extract was comparatively robust.These results demonstrate that organic extracts of Alpinia oxyphylla protect PC12 cells against apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide.Our findings should help identify the bioactive neuroprotective components in Alpinia oxyphylla.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81271692
文摘Stroke is usually treated by systemic thrombolytic therapy if the patient presents within an appropriate time window. There is also widespread interest in the development of thrombolytic agents that can be used in cases of delayed presentation. Current agents that can be used in cases of delayed presentation of nerve damage by thrombus. Current systemic thrombolytic therapy is associated with adverse effects such as fibrinogenolysis and bleeding. In an attempt to increase the efficacy, safety, and specificity of thrombolytic therapy, a number of targeted thrombolytic agents have been studied in recent years. This review focuses on the concepts underlying targeted thrombolytic therapy and describes recent drug developments in this field.
文摘神经性毒剂具有剧毒性和毁灭性效应,可对国家安全和公众健康构成严重威胁,被禁止化学武器组织(Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons,OPCW)列入附表化合物清单。开发原位实时、高效实用的神经性毒剂分析技术和便携式检测装备对于毒剂侦测和应急处置具有重要意义。神经性毒剂侦测技术的进步与传感器准确可靠感知目标分析物的能力和水平息息相关。薄膜荧光传感器(Fluorescent Film Sensor,FFS)是一种使用荧光敏感薄膜作为关键信号组件的小型分析装置,由于满足原位和实时检测的要求,其越来越受到关注,并发展成为继离子迁移谱(Ion Mobility Spectroscopy,IMS)之后的新一代超灵敏便携式分析技术。本文基于研究团队在FFS方面的研究进展,概述了薄膜荧光检测技术在神经性毒剂检测领域的研究及应用,并对该领域面临的挑战和未来发展进行了展望。
