Glycosyltransferases （GTs; EC 2.4.x.y） constitute a large group of enzymes that form glycosidic bonds through transfer of sugars from activated donor molecules to acceptor molecules. GTs are critical to the biosynth...Glycosyltransferases （GTs; EC 2.4.x.y） constitute a large group of enzymes that form glycosidic bonds through transfer of sugars from activated donor molecules to acceptor molecules. GTs are critical to the biosynthesis of plant cell walls, among other diverse functions. Based on the Carbohydrate-Active enZymes （CAZy） database and sequence similarity.searches, we have identified 609 potential GT genes （loci） corresponding to 769 transcripts （gene models） in rice （Oryza sativa）, the reference monocotyledonous species. Using domain composition and sequence similarity, these rice GTs were classified into 40 CAZy families plus an additional unknown class. We found that two Pfam domains of unknown function, PF04577 and PF04646, are associated with GT families GT61 and GT31, respectively. To facilitate functional analysis of this important and large gene family, we created a phylogenomic Rice GT Database （http：//ricephylogenomics. ucdavis.edu/cellwalls/gtJ）. Through the database, several classes of functional genomic data, including mutant lines and gene expression data, can be displayed for each rice GT in the context of a phylogenetic tree, allowing for comparative analysis both within and between GT families. Comprehensive digital expression analysis of public gene expression data revealed that most （-80%） rice GTs are expressed. Based on analysis with Inparanoid, we identified 282 ‘rice-diverged＇ GTs that lack orthologs in sequenced dicots （Arabidopsis thaliana, Populus tricocarpa, Medicago truncatula, and Ricinus communis）. Combining these analyses, we identified 33 rice-diverged GT genes （45 gene models） that are highly expressed in above-ground, vegetative tissues. From the literature and this analysis, 21 of these loci are excellent targets for functional examination toward understanding and manipulating grass cell wall qualities. Study of the remainder may reveal aspects of hormone and protein metabolism that are critical for rice biology. This list of 33 genes and the展开更多
将家蚕(Bombyxmori)和野桑蚕(Bombyxmandarina)杂交培育多代后发现并分离出一个遗传不育的自然突变系统,定名为镇江野败szm(Mandarina Sterility of Zhenjiang)。该系统表现为95%不育卵、3%可育卵和2%中间型,以3%可育卵继代,后代雌、雄...将家蚕(Bombyxmori)和野桑蚕(Bombyxmandarina)杂交培育多代后发现并分离出一个遗传不育的自然突变系统,定名为镇江野败szm(Mandarina Sterility of Zhenjiang)。该系统表现为95%不育卵、3%可育卵和2%中间型,以3%可育卵继代,后代雌、雄比例正常,性状稳定遗传。经遗传分析,该突变性状对正常表现为隐性。经组织解剖证实其产生原因可能是雄性精液分泌物失调、精荚异常、雄性外生殖器异常等。展开更多
文摘Glycosyltransferases （GTs; EC 2.4.x.y） constitute a large group of enzymes that form glycosidic bonds through transfer of sugars from activated donor molecules to acceptor molecules. GTs are critical to the biosynthesis of plant cell walls, among other diverse functions. Based on the Carbohydrate-Active enZymes （CAZy） database and sequence similarity.searches, we have identified 609 potential GT genes （loci） corresponding to 769 transcripts （gene models） in rice （Oryza sativa）, the reference monocotyledonous species. Using domain composition and sequence similarity, these rice GTs were classified into 40 CAZy families plus an additional unknown class. We found that two Pfam domains of unknown function, PF04577 and PF04646, are associated with GT families GT61 and GT31, respectively. To facilitate functional analysis of this important and large gene family, we created a phylogenomic Rice GT Database （http：//ricephylogenomics. ucdavis.edu/cellwalls/gtJ）. Through the database, several classes of functional genomic data, including mutant lines and gene expression data, can be displayed for each rice GT in the context of a phylogenetic tree, allowing for comparative analysis both within and between GT families. Comprehensive digital expression analysis of public gene expression data revealed that most （-80%） rice GTs are expressed. Based on analysis with Inparanoid, we identified 282 ‘rice-diverged＇ GTs that lack orthologs in sequenced dicots （Arabidopsis thaliana, Populus tricocarpa, Medicago truncatula, and Ricinus communis）. Combining these analyses, we identified 33 rice-diverged GT genes （45 gene models） that are highly expressed in above-ground, vegetative tissues. From the literature and this analysis, 21 of these loci are excellent targets for functional examination toward understanding and manipulating grass cell wall qualities. Study of the remainder may reveal aspects of hormone and protein metabolism that are critical for rice biology. This list of 33 genes and the
文摘将家蚕(Bombyxmori)和野桑蚕(Bombyxmandarina)杂交培育多代后发现并分离出一个遗传不育的自然突变系统,定名为镇江野败szm(Mandarina Sterility of Zhenjiang)。该系统表现为95%不育卵、3%可育卵和2%中间型,以3%可育卵继代,后代雌、雄比例正常,性状稳定遗传。经遗传分析,该突变性状对正常表现为隐性。经组织解剖证实其产生原因可能是雄性精液分泌物失调、精荚异常、雄性外生殖器异常等。
