The concept of the memristor was proposed by Leon Chua in 1971, along with some electro-magnetic interpretations according to quasi-static expansion of Maxwell＇s equations. In 2003, Chua included the memristor into a...The concept of the memristor was proposed by Leon Chua in 1971, along with some electro-magnetic interpretations according to quasi-static expansion of Maxwell＇s equations. In 2003, Chua included the memristor into a four-element torus that has infinite circuit elements. This paper uses the quasi-static method to interpret every circuit element in the torus. Two examples are also provided to show how topologic structure of an element affects its electrical properties by affecting the dominant electro-magnetic field components. Additionally, it is proved that the circuit elements in the torus, except the resistive, capacitive and inductive elements, cannot exist independently. Moreover, the incorrectness in Chua＇s interpretation of the memristor, that the memristor cannot be interpreted with the transient quasi-static method due to its memory property, is pointed out. Finally, the limitations of the electro-magnetic interpretation method are discussed.展开更多
Outcome-based contract( OBC) is a kind of contracting mechanism,which allows the customer to pay only when the firm has delivered outcomes,rather than activities and tasks involved. To achieve the higher demand of the...Outcome-based contract( OBC) is a kind of contracting mechanism,which allows the customer to pay only when the firm has delivered outcomes,rather than activities and tasks involved. To achieve the higher demand of the delivering outcome of the contract,the evaluation of contractor's performance was focused on. A reasonable and objective contractor performance evaluation system is constructed by considering various uncertainties. The set pair theory is used to analyze the four-element connection of quality of service contractors. It aims to provide a theoretical basis for the decisionmaker to make confirmation of the equipment contractor who has a better performance and development trend.展开更多
文摘The concept of the memristor was proposed by Leon Chua in 1971, along with some electro-magnetic interpretations according to quasi-static expansion of Maxwell＇s equations. In 2003, Chua included the memristor into a four-element torus that has infinite circuit elements. This paper uses the quasi-static method to interpret every circuit element in the torus. Two examples are also provided to show how topologic structure of an element affects its electrical properties by affecting the dominant electro-magnetic field components. Additionally, it is proved that the circuit elements in the torus, except the resistive, capacitive and inductive elements, cannot exist independently. Moreover, the incorrectness in Chua＇s interpretation of the memristor, that the memristor cannot be interpreted with the transient quasi-static method due to its memory property, is pointed out. Finally, the limitations of the electro-magnetic interpretation method are discussed.
文摘Outcome-based contract( OBC) is a kind of contracting mechanism,which allows the customer to pay only when the firm has delivered outcomes,rather than activities and tasks involved. To achieve the higher demand of the delivering outcome of the contract,the evaluation of contractor's performance was focused on. A reasonable and objective contractor performance evaluation system is constructed by considering various uncertainties. The set pair theory is used to analyze the four-element connection of quality of service contractors. It aims to provide a theoretical basis for the decisionmaker to make confirmation of the equipment contractor who has a better performance and development trend.
