Filming process of polystyrene nano-latex (NPS) particles was studied by a combination of various methods. For a constant annealing time of 1 h, the AFM images showed that the deformation and sintering temperatures fo...Filming process of polystyrene nano-latex (NPS) particles was studied by a combination of various methods. For a constant annealing time of 1 h, the AFM images showed that the deformation and sintering temperatures for NFS particles were ca. 90 ℃ and 100 ℃ respectively. In spin-lattice relaxation measurements of solid state NMR, it is found that TIL, T1S and /1L/I0 increased significantly after annealing at 90℃ and above. DSC results showed that there was an exothermic peak near Tg after annealing for 1 h at the selected temperatures below 95℃; otherwise, the exothermic peak disappeared after annealing at 100℃ or above. The apparent density of NPS increased suddenly in the temperature range. The results implied that the macromolecules in NPS particles are in a confined state with higher confor-mational energy and less cohensional interactions which are the drive force for the sintering at a lower temperature compared with the multichain PS particles and the bulk polymer.展开更多
The film formation process of micro-PS particles (diameter 742 nm) and nano-PS particles (diameter 29 nm) was studied by atomic force microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. During a step heating process, th...The film formation process of micro-PS particles (diameter 742 nm) and nano-PS particles (diameter 29 nm) was studied by atomic force microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. During a step heating process, the particles were annealed for 0.5 h at each selected temperature. It was found that the deformation and interdiffusion temperatures of the micro-PS particles are ca. 120-130degreesC and 140-150degreesC, that of the nano-PS particles are 90degreesC and 100-110degreesC respectively. The DSC traces of nano-PS particles showed that there was an exothermic peak near T-g after annealing for 0.5 h at the selected temperatures below 90degreesC; otherwise, the exothermic peak disappeared after annealing at 100degreesC or above. Compared with the micro-PS particles, the sintering process of nano-PS particles occurs at much lower temperature determined by the confined state of polymer chains with higher conformational energy in nano-particles, and completes in a much narrower temperature range driven mainly by the larger total surface energy.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Key Project for Fundamental Research the State Science and Technology Commission of China (Grant No. 95-11) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 20004011 and 20023003).
文摘Filming process of polystyrene nano-latex (NPS) particles was studied by a combination of various methods. For a constant annealing time of 1 h, the AFM images showed that the deformation and sintering temperatures for NFS particles were ca. 90 ℃ and 100 ℃ respectively. In spin-lattice relaxation measurements of solid state NMR, it is found that TIL, T1S and /1L/I0 increased significantly after annealing at 90℃ and above. DSC results showed that there was an exothermic peak near Tg after annealing for 1 h at the selected temperatures below 95℃; otherwise, the exothermic peak disappeared after annealing at 100℃ or above. The apparent density of NPS increased suddenly in the temperature range. The results implied that the macromolecules in NPS particles are in a confined state with higher confor-mational energy and less cohensional interactions which are the drive force for the sintering at a lower temperature compared with the multichain PS particles and the bulk polymer.
基金This work was funded by the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Project (Grant No. 95-12-G1999064800) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20004011 & 20023003).
文摘The film formation process of micro-PS particles (diameter 742 nm) and nano-PS particles (diameter 29 nm) was studied by atomic force microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. During a step heating process, the particles were annealed for 0.5 h at each selected temperature. It was found that the deformation and interdiffusion temperatures of the micro-PS particles are ca. 120-130degreesC and 140-150degreesC, that of the nano-PS particles are 90degreesC and 100-110degreesC respectively. The DSC traces of nano-PS particles showed that there was an exothermic peak near T-g after annealing for 0.5 h at the selected temperatures below 90degreesC; otherwise, the exothermic peak disappeared after annealing at 100degreesC or above. Compared with the micro-PS particles, the sintering process of nano-PS particles occurs at much lower temperature determined by the confined state of polymer chains with higher conformational energy in nano-particles, and completes in a much narrower temperature range driven mainly by the larger total surface energy.
