Fast reactors used lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) and lead as coolants possess very high level of inherent self-protection and passive safety against severe accident. So, population radiophobia can be overcome. That type...Fast reactors used lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) and lead as coolants possess very high level of inherent self-protection and passive safety against severe accident. So, population radiophobia can be overcome. That type of reactors can be simultaneously more safely and more cheaply. As all other coolants, LBE and lead coolant (LC) possess the certain virtues and shortcomings. The presented report includes the comparative analysis of characteristic properties of those coolants, their impact on reactor safety, reliability and operating characteristics. The conclusion is made about promising usage of FRs with these coolants in future NP after the experience in operating of the prototypes of such reactors has been obtained.展开更多
During the observation of HCFC141b gas hydrate growth processes outside a ver- tical heat transfer tube, two exciting phenomena were found: fast nucleation of gas hydrate from melting ice, and the spontaneous permeati...During the observation of HCFC141b gas hydrate growth processes outside a ver- tical heat transfer tube, two exciting phenomena were found: fast nucleation of gas hydrate from melting ice, and the spontaneous permeation of water into the guest phases along the surface of heat transfer tube to form gas hydrate continuously. These two phenomena were explained with Zhou & Sloan’s hypothesis and the theory of surface free energy respectively, and a novel method of gas hydrate formation was presented——gas hydrate fast nucleation from melting ice and quiescent growth along heat transfer tube. There is no mechanic stirring in this method, the formed gas hydrates are compact, the ratio of unreacted interstitial water is little, which overcome the drawback of high energy cost and high ratio of unreacted interstitial water among the formed gas hydrates in the system with mechanic stirring. This finding will benefit the gas hydrate ap- plication technologies such as natural gas storage technology or cool storage technology with gas hydrate.展开更多
The cubic and/or tetragonal ZrO<sub>2</sub> solid solution polycrystalline ceramics obtained byaddition of appropriate amounts of oxides asCaO, Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, MgO or ra...The cubic and/or tetragonal ZrO<sub>2</sub> solid solution polycrystalline ceramics obtained byaddition of appropriate amounts of oxides asCaO, Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, MgO or rare earth oxides to zirconiahas ioinc conductivity and is used as fast ionicconductor for new ceramic fuel cells and sensors.For MgO-stabilized zirconia the MgO content展开更多
文摘Fast reactors used lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) and lead as coolants possess very high level of inherent self-protection and passive safety against severe accident. So, population radiophobia can be overcome. That type of reactors can be simultaneously more safely and more cheaply. As all other coolants, LBE and lead coolant (LC) possess the certain virtues and shortcomings. The presented report includes the comparative analysis of characteristic properties of those coolants, their impact on reactor safety, reliability and operating characteristics. The conclusion is made about promising usage of FRs with these coolants in future NP after the experience in operating of the prototypes of such reactors has been obtained.
基金the Guangdong Provincial National Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.036996) the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China(Grant No.G2000026306).
文摘During the observation of HCFC141b gas hydrate growth processes outside a ver- tical heat transfer tube, two exciting phenomena were found: fast nucleation of gas hydrate from melting ice, and the spontaneous permeation of water into the guest phases along the surface of heat transfer tube to form gas hydrate continuously. These two phenomena were explained with Zhou & Sloan’s hypothesis and the theory of surface free energy respectively, and a novel method of gas hydrate formation was presented——gas hydrate fast nucleation from melting ice and quiescent growth along heat transfer tube. There is no mechanic stirring in this method, the formed gas hydrates are compact, the ratio of unreacted interstitial water is little, which overcome the drawback of high energy cost and high ratio of unreacted interstitial water among the formed gas hydrates in the system with mechanic stirring. This finding will benefit the gas hydrate ap- plication technologies such as natural gas storage technology or cool storage technology with gas hydrate.
基金Project supported by Tianjin Higher Education Bureau and National Laboratory of Laser Technology.
文摘The cubic and/or tetragonal ZrO<sub>2</sub> solid solution polycrystalline ceramics obtained byaddition of appropriate amounts of oxides asCaO, Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, MgO or rare earth oxides to zirconiahas ioinc conductivity and is used as fast ionicconductor for new ceramic fuel cells and sensors.For MgO-stabilized zirconia the MgO content
