Marine ecological niches have recently been described as "particularly promising" sources for search of new antimicrobials to combat antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogenic microorganisms. Marine organism...Marine ecological niches have recently been described as "particularly promising" sources for search of new antimicrobials to combat antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogenic microorganisms. Marine organisms are excellent sources for many industrial products, but they are partly explored. Over 30 000 compounds have been isolated from marine sources. Bacteria, fungi, and cyanobacteria obtained from various marine sources secret several industrially useful bioactive compounds, possessing antibacterial, antifungal, and antimycobacterial activities. Sustainable cultivation methods for promising marine organisms and biotechnological processes for selected compounds can be developed, along with the establishment of biosensors for monitoring the target compounds. The semisynthetic modifications of marine-based bioactive compounds produce their new derivatives, structural analogs and mimetics that could serve as novel lead compounds against resistant pathogens. The present review focuses on promising antimicrobial compounds isolated from marine microbes from 1991-2013.展开更多
为探讨茼蒿在西瓜枯萎病防治中的作用和效果,并初步探索其作用机制。采用系列稀释法和平板对峙法从水培茼蒿根系悬混液中分离出一株对西瓜枯萎病具有明显拮抗作用的细菌,命名为TK-3。综合菌落形态特征、生理生化特征鉴定和16S r DNA分...为探讨茼蒿在西瓜枯萎病防治中的作用和效果,并初步探索其作用机制。采用系列稀释法和平板对峙法从水培茼蒿根系悬混液中分离出一株对西瓜枯萎病具有明显拮抗作用的细菌,命名为TK-3。综合菌落形态特征、生理生化特征鉴定和16S r DNA分子鉴定的结果,表明拮抗菌TK-3为解淀粉芽孢杆菌。菌株TK-3中拮抗相关代谢物和生物学性能的研究结果表明:菌株TK-3能够产生吲哚乙酸(IAA)、嗜铁素、NH3和蛋白酶,具备一定的解磷能力,无HCN的产生。盆栽试验结果表明:拮抗菌TK-3对西瓜枯萎病的防治效果达到48.7%。根据以上结果,TK-3菌株是一株极具开发潜力的生防菌株。展开更多
An experiment was carried out to evaluate the fungitoxic effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum (Rifai) metabolite on F. oxysporum, A. niger and A. tamarii. The fungi were collected from the International Institute of ...An experiment was carried out to evaluate the fungitoxic effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum (Rifai) metabolite on F. oxysporum, A. niger and A. tamarii. The fungi were collected from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and Nigerian Institute of Science Laboratory Technology (NISLT). T. longibrachiatum was cultured on 1/4 strength Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) following standard procedures. Its metabolite was extracted using 50 ml n-hexane with 50 ml Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB). The metabolite was purified by filter sterilization using a sterile 0.22 millipore filter disc after centrifuging at 900 rpm for 20 minutes. Petri plates of each fungus were later impregnated in triplicates with the T. longibrachiatum metabolites using four concentrations (10%, 25%, 50% and 100%), and three volumes (1 ml, 2 ml, and 3 ml). Petri plates of fungi without the metabolite and Petri Plates of fungi with n-hexane and PDB served as control. All Petri Plates were incubated at 28°C for 7 days. Radial and diametric growth of each fungus on all Petri Plates were taken daily at 24 hours intervals. Data obtained were analysed using SAS (version 9.3). Growth inhibition of F. oxysporum, A. niger and A. tamarii was significantly higher than in control in that order (P ≤ 0.05). Inhibition of the fungi by metabolites extracted with both PDB and n-hexane was significantly better than in control. Generally, inhibition by metabolite extracted with PDB was better than that extracted with n-hexane. Growth inhibition at all the concentrations of the metabolite was significantly better than in the control (P ≤ 0.05). Generally, inhibition at 100%, 50% and 25% concentrations was better than that at 10% concentration of the metabolite. Trichoderma longibrachiatum metabolite can thus be said to possess promising fungitoxic potential even at concentrations as low as 25%. Both PDB and n-hexane are good extraction media for the metabolite.展开更多
基金supported by All India Council for Technical Education(AICTE)(Ref:20/AICTE/RIFD/RPS(Policy-III)62/2012-13)
文摘Marine ecological niches have recently been described as "particularly promising" sources for search of new antimicrobials to combat antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogenic microorganisms. Marine organisms are excellent sources for many industrial products, but they are partly explored. Over 30 000 compounds have been isolated from marine sources. Bacteria, fungi, and cyanobacteria obtained from various marine sources secret several industrially useful bioactive compounds, possessing antibacterial, antifungal, and antimycobacterial activities. Sustainable cultivation methods for promising marine organisms and biotechnological processes for selected compounds can be developed, along with the establishment of biosensors for monitoring the target compounds. The semisynthetic modifications of marine-based bioactive compounds produce their new derivatives, structural analogs and mimetics that could serve as novel lead compounds against resistant pathogens. The present review focuses on promising antimicrobial compounds isolated from marine microbes from 1991-2013.
文摘为探讨茼蒿在西瓜枯萎病防治中的作用和效果,并初步探索其作用机制。采用系列稀释法和平板对峙法从水培茼蒿根系悬混液中分离出一株对西瓜枯萎病具有明显拮抗作用的细菌,命名为TK-3。综合菌落形态特征、生理生化特征鉴定和16S r DNA分子鉴定的结果,表明拮抗菌TK-3为解淀粉芽孢杆菌。菌株TK-3中拮抗相关代谢物和生物学性能的研究结果表明:菌株TK-3能够产生吲哚乙酸(IAA)、嗜铁素、NH3和蛋白酶,具备一定的解磷能力,无HCN的产生。盆栽试验结果表明:拮抗菌TK-3对西瓜枯萎病的防治效果达到48.7%。根据以上结果,TK-3菌株是一株极具开发潜力的生防菌株。
文摘An experiment was carried out to evaluate the fungitoxic effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum (Rifai) metabolite on F. oxysporum, A. niger and A. tamarii. The fungi were collected from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and Nigerian Institute of Science Laboratory Technology (NISLT). T. longibrachiatum was cultured on 1/4 strength Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) following standard procedures. Its metabolite was extracted using 50 ml n-hexane with 50 ml Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB). The metabolite was purified by filter sterilization using a sterile 0.22 millipore filter disc after centrifuging at 900 rpm for 20 minutes. Petri plates of each fungus were later impregnated in triplicates with the T. longibrachiatum metabolites using four concentrations (10%, 25%, 50% and 100%), and three volumes (1 ml, 2 ml, and 3 ml). Petri plates of fungi without the metabolite and Petri Plates of fungi with n-hexane and PDB served as control. All Petri Plates were incubated at 28°C for 7 days. Radial and diametric growth of each fungus on all Petri Plates were taken daily at 24 hours intervals. Data obtained were analysed using SAS (version 9.3). Growth inhibition of F. oxysporum, A. niger and A. tamarii was significantly higher than in control in that order (P ≤ 0.05). Inhibition of the fungi by metabolites extracted with both PDB and n-hexane was significantly better than in control. Generally, inhibition by metabolite extracted with PDB was better than that extracted with n-hexane. Growth inhibition at all the concentrations of the metabolite was significantly better than in the control (P ≤ 0.05). Generally, inhibition at 100%, 50% and 25% concentrations was better than that at 10% concentration of the metabolite. Trichoderma longibrachiatum metabolite can thus be said to possess promising fungitoxic potential even at concentrations as low as 25%. Both PDB and n-hexane are good extraction media for the metabolite.
