By using ERA-Interim data, the temperature anomaly of the freezing rain and snowstorm event that occurred from Ii to 22 January 2008 in southern China was analyzed. During this period, diabatic heating and temperature...By using ERA-Interim data, the temperature anomaly of the freezing rain and snowstorm event that occurred from Ii to 22 January 2008 in southern China was analyzed. During this period, diabatic heating and temperature advection caused the temperature to increase anomalously over the Tibetan Plateau. The anomalously high temperature moving from the Tibetan Plateau to southern Chin.a played several roles. First, the upper-level subtropical jet over China was split into two parts in the north-south direction, which affected the development of freezing rain in southern China; second, a ridge formed because of the warmer air moving to China, which hindered the transport of cold air from its upstream blocking high, forced the cold air to gather behind the ridge, and facilitated the severe cold air outbreak in the later period of the event; third, an inversion layer formed because of the lower-level cold air and upper-level warmer air over southern China, which was conducive to the development of the event over southern China; and finally, because of the temperature anomaly, opposite wind directions appeared at the lower levels （below 700 hPa）, which helped transport of warm-moist and cold-dry air to the event area.展开更多
Titanium dioxide nanoparticle(nano-TiO2),as an excellent UV absorbent and photo-catalyst,has been widely applied in modem industry,thus inevitably discharged into environment.We proposed that nano-TiO2 in soil can pro...Titanium dioxide nanoparticle(nano-TiO2),as an excellent UV absorbent and photo-catalyst,has been widely applied in modem industry,thus inevitably discharged into environment.We proposed that nano-TiO2 in soil can promote crop yield through photosynthetic and metabolic disturbance,therefore,we investigated the effects of nano-TiO2 exposure on related physiologic-biochemical properties of rice(Oryza sativa L.).Results showed that rice biomass was increased>30%at every applied dosage(0.1-100 mg/L)of nano-TiO2.The actual photosynthetic rate(Y(II))significantly increased by 10.0%and 17.2%in the treatments of 10 and 100 mg/L respectively,indicating an increased energy production from photosynthesis.Besides,non-photochemical quenching(Y(NPQ))significantly decreased by 19.8%-26.0%of the control in all treatments respectively,representing a decline in heat dissipation.Detailed metabolism fingerprinting further revealed that a fortified transformation of monosaccharides(D-fructose,D-galactose,and D-talose)to disaccharides(D-cellobiose,and Dlactose)was accompanied with a weakened citric acid cycle,confirming the decrease of energy consumption in metabolism.All these results elucidated that nano-TiO2 promoted rice growth through the upregulation of energy storage in photosynthesis and the downregulation of energy consumption in metabolism.This study provides a mechanistic understanding of the stress-response hormesis of rice after exposure to nano-TiO2,and provides worthy information on the potential application and risk of nanomaterials in agricultural production.展开更多
The Ambj?rn-Nielsen-Olesen(ANO) model arises from field theory, in the limiting BPS state, the ANO model is actually a domain wall model which is a basic construct describing a phase transition between two phases. In ...The Ambj?rn-Nielsen-Olesen(ANO) model arises from field theory, in the limiting BPS state, the ANO model is actually a domain wall model which is a basic construct describing a phase transition between two phases. In this paper, we derive a coupled second-order ordinary differential equations of the domain wall model. Then we establish the existence and uniqueness theorem for the domain solutions by using a dynamical shooting method for the parameter γ = 1, and variational method for the parameter γ > 0 and γ = 1.展开更多
As one of the most important metropolitan areas in China, Xi＇an City plays a leading role in the development of the western regions. To impede the decision and policy prefer- ences for environmental and ecological fa...As one of the most important metropolitan areas in China, Xi＇an City plays a leading role in the development of the western regions. To impede the decision and policy prefer- ences for environmental and ecological factors, this paper took account of the natural capital depletion of Xi＇an City during 1995-2011, considered in terms of constant 1990 price levels. The results are as follows. （1） Natural capital depletion in Xi＇an City consistently increased from1995 to 2011, increasing from 14.31x108 yuan to 42.28x108 yuan, with an average an- nual growth rate of 12.22%. The primary component of natural capital depletion in Xi＇an City was the cost associated with fossil fuel resource depletion, while the cost associated with ecological services contributed the least to the total cost. （2） During 1995-2011, the proportion of natural capital depletion to Xi＇an City in Yanta and Lianhu districts dropped, whereas in counties such as Gaoling County, Chang＇an District and Lintong District, it increased. In 2011, the proportion of natural capital depletion varied between the different counties： Yanta District （15.75%）, Weiyang District and Lianhu District （10%-15%）, Huxian County, Xincheng District, Beiling District, Chang＇an District, Baqiao District, and Gaoling County （5%-10%）, and in Lintong District, Lantian County, Zhouzhi County and Yanliang District, it was 〈5%. （3） The spatial pattern of natural capital depletion varied with different perspectives, for example, from a total value perspective, a nuclear pattern around the administrative center of Xi＇an City was evident, whereas from a density per capita of natural capital depletion perspective, a bi-nuclear spatial distribution visible in 1995 had become a poly-nuclear distribution by 2011. Conversely, from a density per hectare perspective, a ＂core-edge＂ pattern characterized by three circles was observed. （4） The natural capital depletion relative to GDP curve was in accordance with the environmental Kuznets curv展开更多
AIM:Hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps are not given due importance in the proctology practice. They are mostly ignored being considered as normal structures.The present study was aimed to demonstrate...AIM:Hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps are not given due importance in the proctology practice. They are mostly ignored being considered as normal structures.The present study was aimed to demonstrate that hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps could cause symptoms to the patients and that they should be removed in treatment of patients with chronic fissure in anus. METHODS:Two groups of patients were studied.A hundred patients were studied in group A in which the associated fibrous polyp or papillae were removed by radio frequency surgical device after a lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy for relieving the sphincter spasm.Another group of a hundred patients who also had papillae or fibrous polyps,were treated by lateral sphincterotomy alone.They were followed up for one year. RESULTS:Eighty-nine percent patients from group A expressed their satisfaction with the treatment in comparison to only 64% from group B who underwent sphincterotomy alone with the papillae or anal polyps left untreated.Group A patients showed a marked reduction with regard to pain and irritation during defecation (P=0.0011), pricking or foreign body sensation in the anus (P=0.0006) and pruritus or wetness around the anal verge (P=0.0008). CONCLUSION:Hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps should be removed during treatment of chronic anal fissure.This would add to effectiveness and completeness of the procedure.展开更多
20140067 Cao Fengjuan(Earthquake Administration of Liaoning Province,Shenyang110034,China);Jiao Mingruo Spatial Centrality and Inhomogeneity of Precursory Anomalies in Liaoning Region,China(Earthquake,ISSN1000-3274,CN...20140067 Cao Fengjuan(Earthquake Administration of Liaoning Province,Shenyang110034,China);Jiao Mingruo Spatial Centrality and Inhomogeneity of Precursory Anomalies in Liaoning Region,China(Earthquake,ISSN1000-3274,CN11-1893/P,33(1),2013,p.127-140,6illus.,3tables,13refs.)Key words:precursor,Liaoning Province The authors analyzed and calculate spatial centrality and inhomogeneity of展开更多
基于历史资料的模式距平积分预报订正(Anomaly Numerical-correction with Observations,ANO)方法,结合欧洲中期天气预报中心的ERA-interim再分析资料和0.1°×0.1°分辨率的中国地面自动站与CMORPH卫星反演降水资料融合逐...基于历史资料的模式距平积分预报订正(Anomaly Numerical-correction with Observations,ANO)方法,结合欧洲中期天气预报中心的ERA-interim再分析资料和0.1°×0.1°分辨率的中国地面自动站与CMORPH卫星反演降水资料融合逐时降水产品,对高分辨率非静力天气研究和预报(WRF)模式的数值预报结果进行订正试验,检验了ANO方法对灾害性天气、尤其是对持续性强降水预报的订正改进效果。对1983—2013年7月中旬四川地区订正前后数值预报结果与观测和再分析数据的比较表明,ANO方法不仅在环流场的预报订正试验中有较为显著的效果,对模式降水预报结果也有改进,能够有效提高模式对强降水的预报精度和评分,减小预报偏差。对2013年7月8—13日高分辨率预报结果的ANO订正试验发现,订正环流场各变量均有所改进,其中,位势高度距平相关系数平均提高了7.8%,均方根误差平均降低了55.7%,降水(特别是暴雨以上量级)的ETS评分和TS评分也有不同程度的提高,并得到多年独立样本的高分辨率数值预报订正结果的支持。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91437215 and 41405055)National Key Basic Research and Development(973)Program of China(2012CB417201)
文摘By using ERA-Interim data, the temperature anomaly of the freezing rain and snowstorm event that occurred from Ii to 22 January 2008 in southern China was analyzed. During this period, diabatic heating and temperature advection caused the temperature to increase anomalously over the Tibetan Plateau. The anomalously high temperature moving from the Tibetan Plateau to southern Chin.a played several roles. First, the upper-level subtropical jet over China was split into two parts in the north-south direction, which affected the development of freezing rain in southern China; second, a ridge formed because of the warmer air moving to China, which hindered the transport of cold air from its upstream blocking high, forced the cold air to gather behind the ridge, and facilitated the severe cold air outbreak in the later period of the event; third, an inversion layer formed because of the lower-level cold air and upper-level warmer air over southern China, which was conducive to the development of the event over southern China; and finally, because of the temperature anomaly, opposite wind directions appeared at the lower levels （below 700 hPa）, which helped transport of warm-moist and cold-dry air to the event area.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21836003 and 21520102009).
文摘Titanium dioxide nanoparticle(nano-TiO2),as an excellent UV absorbent and photo-catalyst,has been widely applied in modem industry,thus inevitably discharged into environment.We proposed that nano-TiO2 in soil can promote crop yield through photosynthetic and metabolic disturbance,therefore,we investigated the effects of nano-TiO2 exposure on related physiologic-biochemical properties of rice(Oryza sativa L.).Results showed that rice biomass was increased>30%at every applied dosage(0.1-100 mg/L)of nano-TiO2.The actual photosynthetic rate(Y(II))significantly increased by 10.0%and 17.2%in the treatments of 10 and 100 mg/L respectively,indicating an increased energy production from photosynthesis.Besides,non-photochemical quenching(Y(NPQ))significantly decreased by 19.8%-26.0%of the control in all treatments respectively,representing a decline in heat dissipation.Detailed metabolism fingerprinting further revealed that a fortified transformation of monosaccharides(D-fructose,D-galactose,and D-talose)to disaccharides(D-cellobiose,and Dlactose)was accompanied with a weakened citric acid cycle,confirming the decrease of energy consumption in metabolism.All these results elucidated that nano-TiO2 promoted rice growth through the upregulation of energy storage in photosynthesis and the downregulation of energy consumption in metabolism.This study provides a mechanistic understanding of the stress-response hormesis of rice after exposure to nano-TiO2,and provides worthy information on the potential application and risk of nanomaterials in agricultural production.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China（11471100）
文摘The Ambj?rn-Nielsen-Olesen(ANO) model arises from field theory, in the limiting BPS state, the ANO model is actually a domain wall model which is a basic construct describing a phase transition between two phases. In this paper, we derive a coupled second-order ordinary differential equations of the domain wall model. Then we establish the existence and uniqueness theorem for the domain solutions by using a dynamical shooting method for the parameter γ = 1, and variational method for the parameter γ > 0 and γ = 1.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41071057 No.41001388
文摘As one of the most important metropolitan areas in China, Xi＇an City plays a leading role in the development of the western regions. To impede the decision and policy prefer- ences for environmental and ecological factors, this paper took account of the natural capital depletion of Xi＇an City during 1995-2011, considered in terms of constant 1990 price levels. The results are as follows. （1） Natural capital depletion in Xi＇an City consistently increased from1995 to 2011, increasing from 14.31x108 yuan to 42.28x108 yuan, with an average an- nual growth rate of 12.22%. The primary component of natural capital depletion in Xi＇an City was the cost associated with fossil fuel resource depletion, while the cost associated with ecological services contributed the least to the total cost. （2） During 1995-2011, the proportion of natural capital depletion to Xi＇an City in Yanta and Lianhu districts dropped, whereas in counties such as Gaoling County, Chang＇an District and Lintong District, it increased. In 2011, the proportion of natural capital depletion varied between the different counties： Yanta District （15.75%）, Weiyang District and Lianhu District （10%-15%）, Huxian County, Xincheng District, Beiling District, Chang＇an District, Baqiao District, and Gaoling County （5%-10%）, and in Lintong District, Lantian County, Zhouzhi County and Yanliang District, it was 〈5%. （3） The spatial pattern of natural capital depletion varied with different perspectives, for example, from a total value perspective, a nuclear pattern around the administrative center of Xi＇an City was evident, whereas from a density per capita of natural capital depletion perspective, a bi-nuclear spatial distribution visible in 1995 had become a poly-nuclear distribution by 2011. Conversely, from a density per hectare perspective, a ＂core-edge＂ pattern characterized by three circles was observed. （4） The natural capital depletion relative to GDP curve was in accordance with the environmental Kuznets curv
文摘AIM:Hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps are not given due importance in the proctology practice. They are mostly ignored being considered as normal structures.The present study was aimed to demonstrate that hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps could cause symptoms to the patients and that they should be removed in treatment of patients with chronic fissure in anus. METHODS:Two groups of patients were studied.A hundred patients were studied in group A in which the associated fibrous polyp or papillae were removed by radio frequency surgical device after a lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy for relieving the sphincter spasm.Another group of a hundred patients who also had papillae or fibrous polyps,were treated by lateral sphincterotomy alone.They were followed up for one year. RESULTS:Eighty-nine percent patients from group A expressed their satisfaction with the treatment in comparison to only 64% from group B who underwent sphincterotomy alone with the papillae or anal polyps left untreated.Group A patients showed a marked reduction with regard to pain and irritation during defecation (P=0.0011), pricking or foreign body sensation in the anus (P=0.0006) and pruritus or wetness around the anal verge (P=0.0008). CONCLUSION:Hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps should be removed during treatment of chronic anal fissure.This would add to effectiveness and completeness of the procedure.
文摘20140067 Cao Fengjuan(Earthquake Administration of Liaoning Province,Shenyang110034,China);Jiao Mingruo Spatial Centrality and Inhomogeneity of Precursory Anomalies in Liaoning Region,China(Earthquake,ISSN1000-3274,CN11-1893/P,33(1),2013,p.127-140,6illus.,3tables,13refs.)Key words:precursor,Liaoning Province The authors analyzed and calculate spatial centrality and inhomogeneity of
文摘基于历史资料的模式距平积分预报订正(Anomaly Numerical-correction with Observations,ANO)方法,结合欧洲中期天气预报中心的ERA-interim再分析资料和0.1°×0.1°分辨率的中国地面自动站与CMORPH卫星反演降水资料融合逐时降水产品,对高分辨率非静力天气研究和预报(WRF)模式的数值预报结果进行订正试验,检验了ANO方法对灾害性天气、尤其是对持续性强降水预报的订正改进效果。对1983—2013年7月中旬四川地区订正前后数值预报结果与观测和再分析数据的比较表明,ANO方法不仅在环流场的预报订正试验中有较为显著的效果,对模式降水预报结果也有改进,能够有效提高模式对强降水的预报精度和评分,减小预报偏差。对2013年7月8—13日高分辨率预报结果的ANO订正试验发现,订正环流场各变量均有所改进,其中,位势高度距平相关系数平均提高了7.8%,均方根误差平均降低了55.7%,降水(特别是暴雨以上量级)的ETS评分和TS评分也有不同程度的提高,并得到多年独立样本的高分辨率数值预报订正结果的支持。
