目的探讨"五常法"(Seiri,Seilon,Seiso,Seikelsu and Shilsuke,5S)在手术室物品管理中的应用效果。方法在手术室物品的管理中采用"五常法"管理,并比较实施"五常法"前后手术室物品管理的质量。结果实施&qu...目的探讨"五常法"(Seiri,Seilon,Seiso,Seikelsu and Shilsuke,5S)在手术室物品管理中的应用效果。方法在手术室物品的管理中采用"五常法"管理,并比较实施"五常法"前后手术室物品管理的质量。结果实施"五常法"前后,手术器械和物品准备完好率、仪器使用管理完好率、医务人员及患者满意率等比较,均P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论"五常法"具有简单、实用、高效的管理特点。它在手术室物品管理中的应用,有助于提高手术室物品管理的质量。展开更多
The outputs or products of an economy can be divided into services products ana gooas products （due to manufacturing, construction, agriculture and mining）. To date, the services and goods products have, for the mos...The outputs or products of an economy can be divided into services products ana gooas products （due to manufacturing, construction, agriculture and mining）. To date, the services and goods products have, for the most part, been separately mass produced. However, in contrast to the first and second industrial revolutions which respectively focused on the development and the mass production of goods, the next - or third - industrial revolution is focused on the integration of services and/or goods; it is beginning in this second decade of the 21st Century. The Third Industrial Revolution （TIR） is based on the confluence of three major technological enablers （i.e., big data analytics, adaptive services and digital manufacturing）; they underpin the integration or mass customization of services and/or goods. As detailed in an earlier paper, we regard mass customization as the simultaneous and real-time management of supply and demand chains, based on a taxonomy that can be defined in terms of its underpinning component and management foci. The benefits of real-time mass customization cannot be over-stated as goods and services become indistinguishable and are co-produced - as ＂servgoods＂ - in real-time, resulting in an overwhelming economic advantage to the industrialized countries where the consuming customers are at the same time the co-producing producers.展开更多
Manufacturing and services constitute two of the five sectors of every country＇s economy;depending on the maturity of the economy,they are-in terms of employment-typically the two largest sectors.The outputs or produ...Manufacturing and services constitute two of the five sectors of every country＇s economy;depending on the maturity of the economy,they are-in terms of employment-typically the two largest sectors.The outputs or products of an economy can also be divided into goods products（due to manufacturing,construction,agriculture and mining） and services products.To date,the goods and services products have,for the most part,been mass produced;it is the premise of this paper that recent technological advances-including flexible manufacturing,cloud computing,nanotechnology and smart sensing-can better enable the transformation from mass production to mass customization.We regard mass customization as the simultaneous and real time management of supply and demand chains,based on a taxonomy that can be defined in terms of its underpinning component and management foci.From a components perspective,we first consider the value chain of supplier,manufacturer,assembler,retailer,and customer,and then develop a consistent set of definitions for supply and demand chains based on the location of the customer order penetration point.From a management perspective,we classify the methods that are employed in the management of these chains,based on whether supply and/or demand are flexible or fixed.Interestingly,our management taxonomy highlights a very critical research area at which both supply and demand are flexible,thus manageable.Simultaneous management of supply and demand chains sets the stage for mass customization which is concerned with meeting the needs of an individualized customer market.Simultaneous and real time management of supply and demand chains set the stage for real time mass customization（e.g.,wherein a tailor first laser scans an individual＇s upper torso and then delivers a uniquely fitted jacket within a reasonable period,while the individual is waiting）.The benefits of real time mass customization cannot be over-stated as goods and services become indistinguishable and are co-produced-as ＂servgoods�展开更多
Drawing on a dataset covering a large number of randomly sampled villages across China, the present paper examines the issue of residential solid waste management service provision in rural China, Using a logistic mod...Drawing on a dataset covering a large number of randomly sampled villages across China, the present paper examines the issue of residential solid waste management service provision in rural China, Using a logistic model we evaluate the impacts of different factors on service provision at the village level with regard to residential solid waste disposal. These factors include the environmental pressures caused by residential solid waste generation, the financial capacity of the Villagers＇ Committee, village elections and the individual characteristics of village heads. We find that living density, village per capita income, the ratio of irrigated land, and the per capita profit submitted by village enterprises to the Villagers＇ Committee all have positive impacts on service provision. Moreover, village heads who are popularly elected by villagers are more likely to provide services that satisfy voters＇ demands.展开更多
Using panel data for 29 provinces in China during 1990-2004, the present paper attempts to explore a possible link between financial development and China＇s foreign trade. Three measures of comparative advantage in m...Using panel data for 29 provinces in China during 1990-2004, the present paper attempts to explore a possible link between financial development and China＇s foreign trade. Three measures of comparative advantage in manufactured goods have been applied in our study, including Balassa＇s revealed comparative advantage, the net manufactured export index, and the Michaely index. We also use four indicators of financial development to identify the different functions of regional financial development, and to determine both size and efficiency features of financial institutions. The estimation results suggest that besides factor endowments, foreign firms and infrastructure, financial development has a quantitatively large and robust effect on China ＇ s manufactured goods trade. Therefore, further reform of China＇s financial system should be encouraged to fully exploit the comparative advantage of China＇s foreign trade.展开更多
In the age of artificial intelligence,firms'internal data are increasingly valuable when merged with each other for inter-firm analysis and predictions.However,the inter-firm data transactions represent a novel ch...In the age of artificial intelligence,firms'internal data are increasingly valuable when merged with each other for inter-firm analysis and predictions.However,the inter-firm data transactions represent a novel challenge on pricing due to the complex nature of data,such as quality information asymmetry,lack of pricing standards,and the negligible marginal cost.This paper conducts a case study at Shanghai Data Exchange to explore the factors that can facilitate the data transactions between buyers and providers.We use interview transcripts from 18 participating firms to construct our three theoretical dimensions:increasing the perceived value,mitigating the cost,and improving the market design.We then browse through 18 factors to assess their value for further improvements.The managerial implications are also discussed.展开更多
In this article, the relationship between the knowledge of competitors and the development of new products in the field of capital medical equipment has been investigated. In order to identify the criteria for measuri...In this article, the relationship between the knowledge of competitors and the development of new products in the field of capital medical equipment has been investigated. In order to identify the criteria for measuring competitors’ knowledge and developing new capital medical equipment products, marketing experts were interviewed and then a researcher-made questionnaire was compiled and distributed among the statistical sample of the research. Also, in order to achieve the goals of the research, a questionnaire among 100 members of the statistical community was selected, distributed and collected. To analyze the gathered data, the structural equation modeling (SEM) method was used in the SMART PLS 2 software to estimate the model and then the K-MEAN approach was used to cluster the capital medical equipment market based on the knowledge of actual and potential competitors. The results have shown that the knowledge of potential and actual competitors has a positive and significant effect on the development of new products in the capital medical equipment market. From the point of view of the knowledge of actual competitors, the market of “MRI”, “Ultrasound” and “SPECT” is grouped in the low knowledge cluster;“Pet MRI”, “CT Scan”, “Mammography”, “Radiography, Fluoroscopy and CRM”, “Pet CT”, “SPECT CT” and “Gamma Camera” markets are clustered in the medium knowledge. Finally, “Angiography” and “CBCT” markets are located in the knowledge cluster. From the perspective of knowledge of potential competitors, the market of “angiography”, “mammography”, “SPECT” and “SPECT CT” in the low knowledge cluster, “CT scan”, “radiography, fluoroscopy and CRM”, “pet CT”, “CBCT” markets in the medium knowledge cluster and “MRI”, “pet MRI”, “ultrasound” and “gamma camera” markets in the high knowledge cluster are located.展开更多
文摘目的探讨"五常法"(Seiri,Seilon,Seiso,Seikelsu and Shilsuke,5S)在手术室物品管理中的应用效果。方法在手术室物品的管理中采用"五常法"管理,并比较实施"五常法"前后手术室物品管理的质量。结果实施"五常法"前后,手术器械和物品准备完好率、仪器使用管理完好率、医务人员及患者满意率等比较,均P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论"五常法"具有简单、实用、高效的管理特点。它在手术室物品管理中的应用,有助于提高手术室物品管理的质量。
文摘The outputs or products of an economy can be divided into services products ana gooas products （due to manufacturing, construction, agriculture and mining）. To date, the services and goods products have, for the most part, been separately mass produced. However, in contrast to the first and second industrial revolutions which respectively focused on the development and the mass production of goods, the next - or third - industrial revolution is focused on the integration of services and/or goods; it is beginning in this second decade of the 21st Century. The Third Industrial Revolution （TIR） is based on the confluence of three major technological enablers （i.e., big data analytics, adaptive services and digital manufacturing）; they underpin the integration or mass customization of services and/or goods. As detailed in an earlier paper, we regard mass customization as the simultaneous and real-time management of supply and demand chains, based on a taxonomy that can be defined in terms of its underpinning component and management foci. The benefits of real-time mass customization cannot be over-stated as goods and services become indistinguishable and are co-produced - as ＂servgoods＂ - in real-time, resulting in an overwhelming economic advantage to the industrialized countries where the consuming customers are at the same time the co-producing producers.
文摘Manufacturing and services constitute two of the five sectors of every country＇s economy;depending on the maturity of the economy,they are-in terms of employment-typically the two largest sectors.The outputs or products of an economy can also be divided into goods products（due to manufacturing,construction,agriculture and mining） and services products.To date,the goods and services products have,for the most part,been mass produced;it is the premise of this paper that recent technological advances-including flexible manufacturing,cloud computing,nanotechnology and smart sensing-can better enable the transformation from mass production to mass customization.We regard mass customization as the simultaneous and real time management of supply and demand chains,based on a taxonomy that can be defined in terms of its underpinning component and management foci.From a components perspective,we first consider the value chain of supplier,manufacturer,assembler,retailer,and customer,and then develop a consistent set of definitions for supply and demand chains based on the location of the customer order penetration point.From a management perspective,we classify the methods that are employed in the management of these chains,based on whether supply and/or demand are flexible or fixed.Interestingly,our management taxonomy highlights a very critical research area at which both supply and demand are flexible,thus manageable.Simultaneous management of supply and demand chains sets the stage for mass customization which is concerned with meeting the needs of an individualized customer market.Simultaneous and real time management of supply and demand chains set the stage for real time mass customization（e.g.,wherein a tailor first laser scans an individual＇s upper torso and then delivers a uniquely fitted jacket within a reasonable period,while the individual is waiting）.The benefits of real time mass customization cannot be over-stated as goods and services become indistinguishable and are co-produced-as ＂servgoods�
基金the China National Science Foundation (Project 70703027)the Economy of Environment Program for Southeast Asia (EEPSEA)/IDRC (Project 003591-064)
文摘Drawing on a dataset covering a large number of randomly sampled villages across China, the present paper examines the issue of residential solid waste management service provision in rural China, Using a logistic model we evaluate the impacts of different factors on service provision at the village level with regard to residential solid waste disposal. These factors include the environmental pressures caused by residential solid waste generation, the financial capacity of the Villagers＇ Committee, village elections and the individual characteristics of village heads. We find that living density, village per capita income, the ratio of irrigated land, and the per capita profit submitted by village enterprises to the Villagers＇ Committee all have positive impacts on service provision. Moreover, village heads who are popularly elected by villagers are more likely to provide services that satisfy voters＇ demands.
基金the financial support from China's Social Science Research Project(No.06CJL010 and No.08CJL025)Nankai University's 985 Research Innovation Project(No.985TNC20070202)the Social Science Large Grant Project(No.07JJD790137)supported by the Ministry of Education
文摘Using panel data for 29 provinces in China during 1990-2004, the present paper attempts to explore a possible link between financial development and China＇s foreign trade. Three measures of comparative advantage in manufactured goods have been applied in our study, including Balassa＇s revealed comparative advantage, the net manufactured export index, and the Michaely index. We also use four indicators of financial development to identify the different functions of regional financial development, and to determine both size and efficiency features of financial institutions. The estimation results suggest that besides factor endowments, foreign firms and infrastructure, financial development has a quantitatively large and robust effect on China ＇ s manufactured goods trade. Therefore, further reform of China＇s financial system should be encouraged to fully exploit the comparative advantage of China＇s foreign trade.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grants 71672042,71822201,91746302。
文摘In the age of artificial intelligence,firms'internal data are increasingly valuable when merged with each other for inter-firm analysis and predictions.However,the inter-firm data transactions represent a novel challenge on pricing due to the complex nature of data,such as quality information asymmetry,lack of pricing standards,and the negligible marginal cost.This paper conducts a case study at Shanghai Data Exchange to explore the factors that can facilitate the data transactions between buyers and providers.We use interview transcripts from 18 participating firms to construct our three theoretical dimensions:increasing the perceived value,mitigating the cost,and improving the market design.We then browse through 18 factors to assess their value for further improvements.The managerial implications are also discussed.
文摘In this article, the relationship between the knowledge of competitors and the development of new products in the field of capital medical equipment has been investigated. In order to identify the criteria for measuring competitors’ knowledge and developing new capital medical equipment products, marketing experts were interviewed and then a researcher-made questionnaire was compiled and distributed among the statistical sample of the research. Also, in order to achieve the goals of the research, a questionnaire among 100 members of the statistical community was selected, distributed and collected. To analyze the gathered data, the structural equation modeling (SEM) method was used in the SMART PLS 2 software to estimate the model and then the K-MEAN approach was used to cluster the capital medical equipment market based on the knowledge of actual and potential competitors. The results have shown that the knowledge of potential and actual competitors has a positive and significant effect on the development of new products in the capital medical equipment market. From the point of view of the knowledge of actual competitors, the market of “MRI”, “Ultrasound” and “SPECT” is grouped in the low knowledge cluster;“Pet MRI”, “CT Scan”, “Mammography”, “Radiography, Fluoroscopy and CRM”, “Pet CT”, “SPECT CT” and “Gamma Camera” markets are clustered in the medium knowledge. Finally, “Angiography” and “CBCT” markets are located in the knowledge cluster. From the perspective of knowledge of potential competitors, the market of “angiography”, “mammography”, “SPECT” and “SPECT CT” in the low knowledge cluster, “CT scan”, “radiography, fluoroscopy and CRM”, “pet CT”, “CBCT” markets in the medium knowledge cluster and “MRI”, “pet MRI”, “ultrasound” and “gamma camera” markets in the high knowledge cluster are located.
