The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of emerging parasites in two groups of immunosuppressed patients, including individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) (HIV) or having ac...The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of emerging parasites in two groups of immunosuppressed patients, including individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) (HIV) or having acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with or without diarrhea. Stool samples were collected from 96 HIV and 77 ALL patients from March 2010 through December 2011. Screening for opportunistic parasites was carried out by the coproparasitoscopic Faust method, Ziehl Neelsen staining, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results showed that 22.9% of HIV fecal samples were positive for emerging parasites, including Cryptosporidium spp. (7.3%), Microsporidium spp. (5.2%), Isospora belli (1.0%), Giardia intestinalis (2.6%), and Cyclospora spp. (7.3%). On the other hand, 32.5% of ALL fecal samples were positive for emerging parasites, including Cryptosporidium spp. (9.1%), Microsporidium spp. (19.5%), Isospora belli (1.3%), and Giardia intestinalis (2.6%). Our results highlighted the need for specific, efficient, and reliable diagnostic methods to identify the presence of emerging parasites in immunocompromised patients susceptible to different infectious diseases or neoplastic processes and avoid the consequences for the host as an increased disease rate, alterations in the clinical manifestation of the infection or even exacerbation of its course.展开更多
This review focuses on studies concerning cryptosporidiosis in three Asian countries.Cryptosporidium spp. infection was investigated in children < 12 years old afflicted with diarrhoea and admitted to the paediatri...This review focuses on studies concerning cryptosporidiosis in three Asian countries.Cryptosporidium spp. infection was investigated in children < 12 years old afflicted with diarrhoea and admitted to the paediatric hospitals in Iraq, Jordan and Malaysia. Most of the patients complained of abdominal pain, watery diarrhoea and mild-to-severe dehydration. Stool samples were collected from children and five methods were used to detect oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. including: direct wet mount, Sheather's sugar flotation,formalin-ether sedimentation, modified Ziehl–Neelsen and direct fluorescent antibody(DFA). The infection rate was 8.56, 37.3 and 4.6 in Iraq, Jordan and Malaysia, respectively. A combination offormalin ether sedimentation and acid fast stain was used to detect Cryptosporidium oocysts in Iraq. The DFA test showed the highest sensitivity for samples of children in Jordan. In Malaysia, direct wet mount, formalin-ether sedimentation, modified Ziehl–Neelsen and DFA gave the same results(4.62%) while Sheather's sugar flotation was 3.85%. Source of drinking water appeared to be an important risk factor in transmission of infection. In Jordan, the high rate of infection was recorded in rainy season(January–May).展开更多
文摘The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of emerging parasites in two groups of immunosuppressed patients, including individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) (HIV) or having acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with or without diarrhea. Stool samples were collected from 96 HIV and 77 ALL patients from March 2010 through December 2011. Screening for opportunistic parasites was carried out by the coproparasitoscopic Faust method, Ziehl Neelsen staining, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results showed that 22.9% of HIV fecal samples were positive for emerging parasites, including Cryptosporidium spp. (7.3%), Microsporidium spp. (5.2%), Isospora belli (1.0%), Giardia intestinalis (2.6%), and Cyclospora spp. (7.3%). On the other hand, 32.5% of ALL fecal samples were positive for emerging parasites, including Cryptosporidium spp. (9.1%), Microsporidium spp. (19.5%), Isospora belli (1.3%), and Giardia intestinalis (2.6%). Our results highlighted the need for specific, efficient, and reliable diagnostic methods to identify the presence of emerging parasites in immunocompromised patients susceptible to different infectious diseases or neoplastic processes and avoid the consequences for the host as an increased disease rate, alterations in the clinical manifestation of the infection or even exacerbation of its course.
基金Partly funded by MARA University of Technology Excellence Fund[600-RMI/ST/DANA 5/3/Dst(334/2011)]
文摘This review focuses on studies concerning cryptosporidiosis in three Asian countries.Cryptosporidium spp. infection was investigated in children < 12 years old afflicted with diarrhoea and admitted to the paediatric hospitals in Iraq, Jordan and Malaysia. Most of the patients complained of abdominal pain, watery diarrhoea and mild-to-severe dehydration. Stool samples were collected from children and five methods were used to detect oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. including: direct wet mount, Sheather's sugar flotation,formalin-ether sedimentation, modified Ziehl–Neelsen and direct fluorescent antibody(DFA). The infection rate was 8.56, 37.3 and 4.6 in Iraq, Jordan and Malaysia, respectively. A combination offormalin ether sedimentation and acid fast stain was used to detect Cryptosporidium oocysts in Iraq. The DFA test showed the highest sensitivity for samples of children in Jordan. In Malaysia, direct wet mount, formalin-ether sedimentation, modified Ziehl–Neelsen and DFA gave the same results(4.62%) while Sheather's sugar flotation was 3.85%. Source of drinking water appeared to be an important risk factor in transmission of infection. In Jordan, the high rate of infection was recorded in rainy season(January–May).
