摘要
隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫等原虫不仅可寄生于猫的肠道,同时可引起人类感染。为掌握北京地区猫肠道常见原虫的感染情况,本调查于2021年6—12月共采集628份北京市不同区域猫的粪便样本并提取核酸,对胎儿三毛滴虫ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2基因、蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫核糖体RNA小亚基(SSU rRNA)基因、隐孢子虫SSU rRNA基因和囊等孢球虫线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(mtCOI)基因进行PCR扩增和测序,并统计分析这4种肠道原虫的感染率和感染风险因素;针对蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫阳性样本,根据蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫的β-贾第素(bg)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(gdh)和磷酸丙糖异构酶(tpi)基因以及隐孢子虫的60 kDa糖蛋白(gp60)基因对其进行分子分型。结果显示,北京地区猫肠道原虫的总感染率为20.22%(127/628),混合感染率为16.54%(21/127);其中,胎儿三毛滴虫感染率为10.19%(64/628)、蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫感染率为6.69%(42/628)、隐孢子虫感染率为4.46%(28/628)、囊等孢球虫感染率为3.03%(19/628)。蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫基因型为集聚体B(26/41)、F(12/41)、C(1/41)、AⅠ(1/41)和A/F(1/41),隐孢子虫均为猫隐孢子虫,包括XIXa(23/25)和XIXc(2/25)亚型家族。经分析,纯种猫更易感染胎儿三毛滴虫和蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫(P<0.05),患猫的主要临床症状是腹泻或软便(P<0.01);年龄小于1岁、雌性和未绝育的猫更易感染隐孢子虫(P<0.05或P<0.01);年龄小于1岁、未绝育、未免疫和未驱虫的猫更易感染囊等孢球虫(P<0.01)。结果表明,北京地区猫感染的原虫存在人兽共患基因型,包括蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫集聚体A和B以及猫隐孢子虫亚型家族XIXa和XIXc,有潜在的人兽共患风险。
Protozoa such as Cryptosporidium spp.and Giardia spp.,which can parasitize the cat's intestinal tracts,are known to cause infections in humans.In order to understand the infection status of common intestinal protozoa in cats in Beijing,this survey collected 628 fecal samples from cats in different regions of Beijing from June to December 2021.The nucleic acid was extracted,and PCR amplification and sequencing were performed on the ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2 gene of Tritrichomonas foetus,small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid(SSU rRNA)gene of Giardia duodenalis,SSU rRNA gene of Cryptosporidium spp.,and cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1(mtCOI)gene of Cystoisospora spp.,and the infection rates and risk factors of these four intestinal protozoa were analyzed.For positive samples of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp.,molecular typing was performed based on theβ-giardin(bg),glutamate dehydrogenase(gdh),and triosephosphate isomerase(tpi)genes of Giardia duodenalis and the glycoprotein 60(gp60)gene of Cryptosporidium spp..The results showed that the overall infection rate of intestinal protozoa in cats in Beijing was 20.22%(127/628),and the mixed infection rate was 16.54%(21/127).Among them,Tritrichomonas foetus had an infection rate of 10.19%(64/628),Giardia duodenalis had an infection rate of 6.69%(42/628),Cryptosporidium spp.had an infection rate of 4.46%(28/628),and Cystoisospora spp.had an infection rate of 3.03%(19/628).The genotypes of Giardia duodenalis were as follows:assemblage B(26/41),F(12/41),C(1/41),AⅠ(1/41),and A/F(1/41),while Cryptosporidium spp.were all of the Cryptosporidium felis,including subtype families XIXa(23/25)and XIXc(2/25).The analysis showed that purebred cats were more susceptible to Tritrichomonas foetus and Giardia duodenalis(P<0.05),and the main clinical symptoms in infected cats were diarrhea or soft stools(P<0.01).Cats under 1 year old,females,and non-sterilized cats were more susceptible to Cryptosporidium spp.(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while cats under 1 year old,non-sterilized,non-immuni
作者
洪慧颐
张兆霞
宋世豪
于咏兰
HONG Huiyi;ZHANG Zhaoxia;SONG Shihao;YU Yonglan(College of Veterinary Medicine,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《中国兽医杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第1期29-36,共8页
Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine
基金
中国农业大学教育教学改革专项(00133001)。
关键词
胎儿三毛滴虫
蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫
隐孢子虫
囊等孢球虫
猫
Tritrichomonas foetus
Giardia duodenalis
Cryptosporidium spp.
Cystoisospora spp.
cat
