Adsorption behaviors of 2-bromothiophene on the Rh（111） surface were discussed with DFT. The results revealed that adsorption at the parallel hol site and bridge site was the most stable. After adsorption, bond leng...Adsorption behaviors of 2-bromothiophene on the Rh（111） surface were discussed with DFT. The results revealed that adsorption at the parallel hol site and bridge site was the most stable. After adsorption, bond length of 2-bromothiophene changed significantly. Molecular plane was distorted, and C-H （Br, S） in the molecule was oblique and upswept against the metal surface. Vertical adsorption site was less stable than the plane adsorption site, but there was no distortion for the thiophene ring after adsorption. Aromaticity of 2-bromothiophene was destroyed at the hol and bridge adsorption sites, and the carbon atom in the thiophene ring presented quasi-sp3 hybfidizaton. After adsorption at the parallel hol, 2-bromothiophene obtained 0.86 electrons in total, and Rh（111） surface lost 2.08 electrons in all.展开更多
文摘分别采用冰乙酸溶剂法、四氯化碳溶剂法、直接溴化法合成了2-溴噻吩,重点考察了加溴方式、加溴时间、原料配比、反应温度等影响因素对直接溴化法生产2-溴噻吩工艺的影响,并对三种生产工艺的生产成本进行了对比分析.实验结果表明:冰乙酸溶剂法和四氯化碳溶剂法不适合工业化生产,而直接溴化法是比较理想的生产工艺.将溴以蒸汽状态通入液体噻吩中进行反应产率较高,且副产物最少.溴是否预热和溴蒸汽通入时间对2-溴噻吩产率影响比较明显;直接溴化法的最佳工艺条件为:原料配比为0.55∶1-0.6∶1;反应温度为65℃-75℃;加溴时间为6-8 h.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20273013)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2002F010)the State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry(20090060)
文摘Adsorption behaviors of 2-bromothiophene on the Rh（111） surface were discussed with DFT. The results revealed that adsorption at the parallel hol site and bridge site was the most stable. After adsorption, bond length of 2-bromothiophene changed significantly. Molecular plane was distorted, and C-H （Br, S） in the molecule was oblique and upswept against the metal surface. Vertical adsorption site was less stable than the plane adsorption site, but there was no distortion for the thiophene ring after adsorption. Aromaticity of 2-bromothiophene was destroyed at the hol and bridge adsorption sites, and the carbon atom in the thiophene ring presented quasi-sp3 hybfidizaton. After adsorption at the parallel hol, 2-bromothiophene obtained 0.86 electrons in total, and Rh（111） surface lost 2.08 electrons in all.
