运用宏观形态学和光学显微镜方法,对小花草玉梅Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore正常花和变态花的花被片进行了比较研究,以期更好地理解该分类群花被片变态过程。研究结果显示,该植物正常花中的花被片一般5(-8)枚,白色,倒卵形,全缘...运用宏观形态学和光学显微镜方法,对小花草玉梅Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore正常花和变态花的花被片进行了比较研究,以期更好地理解该分类群花被片变态过程。研究结果显示,该植物正常花中的花被片一般5(-8)枚,白色,倒卵形,全缘,可达1.3×0.5 cm,叶脉为开放的二叉分枝状,只在背面的顶端具少量毛被;其上表面未观察到气孔器,下表面具少量的气孔器。变态花中的花被片数目可达20枚;变态花被片显示出苞片或叶的形态特征:具网状脉,绿色,倒卵形或椭圆形,可达5×3 cm,两面密被毛,全缘或3裂,裂片边缘又浅裂或有锯齿,背腹面均具气孔器且数目随着变态程度的增加而增加。正常花被片与强烈变态的花被片之间在数目、形状、大小、颜色、边缘是否分裂、脉序及气孔器和毛被的数目等方面存在着连续的变态梯度。小花草玉梅变态花被片的叶状特征表明,这种表现叶性器官特征的变态可能是一种返祖现象,被子植物花萼片可能与苞片具有相同的起源。展开更多
Plants of the Caprifoliaceae family are widely cultivated worldwide as ornamental plants owing to their numerous,sweet-smelling,beautiful flowers and fruits.Heptacodium miconioides Rehd.,a member of the family,is ende...Plants of the Caprifoliaceae family are widely cultivated worldwide as ornamental plants owing to their numerous,sweet-smelling,beautiful flowers and fruits.Heptacodium miconioides Rehd.,a member of the family,is endemic to eastern China and is cultivated as a popular ornamental plant in North America and European countries.It has a rather novel and beautiful trait of high horticultural value,that is,its sepals persist and enlarge,turning purplish red.Here,we report the chromosome-level genome assembly of H.miconioides to understand its evolution and floral characteristics.The 622.28 Mb assembled genome harbored a shared whole-genome duplication with a related species,Lonicera japonica.Comparative genomic analysis suggested that chromosome fission events following genome duplication underlie the unusual chromosome number of these two species,as well as chromosome fission of another five chromosomes in H.miconioides,giving rise to a haploid chromosome number of 14(versus 9 in L.japonica).In addition,based on transcriptome and chloroplast genome analysis of 17 representative species in the Caprifoliaceae,we assumed that large structural variations in the chromosomes of H.miconioides were not caused by hybridization.Changes in the candidate genes of the MADS-box family were detected in the H.miconioides genome,including AP1-,AP3-,and SEPexpanded,which might underlie the sepal elongation and development in this species.The current findings provided a critical resource for genome evolution studies in Caprifoliaceae and it was an example of how multi-omics data can elucidate the regulation of important ornamental traits.展开更多
Objective To explore the multiple risk factors for family lifestyle of children with congenital heart defects(CHDs)in Shaanxi Province,China.Methods A 1∶1 case-control study was carried out to investigate 60 pairs of...Objective To explore the multiple risk factors for family lifestyle of children with congenital heart defects(CHDs)in Shaanxi Province,China.Methods A 1∶1 case-control study was carried out to investigate 60 pairs of children and their parents.The univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the influence of risk factors related to parents’ lifestyle on CHDs.Results Several possible risk factors were found for CHDs,including fever(OR=4.465,P=0.017),pesticides contact(OR=2.234,P=0.083),passive smoking during pregnancy(OR=20.529,P=0.007)and father’s smoking(OR=3.342,P=0.005);fever(OR=2.428,P=0.012)and passive smoking during pregnancy(OR=1.201,P=0.037)were also correlated with ventricular sepal defect(VSD).Conclusion Fever,pesticides contact and passive smoking are associated with CHDs during pregnancy.We should focus our attention on health care during pregnancy to avoid the above-mentioned risk factors and call on parents to hold on to a good healthy lifestyle.展开更多
The cuticle is a crucial barrier on the aerial surfaces of land plants, in many plants, including Arabidopsis, the sepals and petals form distinctive nanoridges in their cuticles. However, little is known about how th...The cuticle is a crucial barrier on the aerial surfaces of land plants, in many plants, including Arabidopsis, the sepals and petals form distinctive nanoridges in their cuticles. However, little is known about how the formation and maintenance of these nanostructures is coordinated with the growth and development of the underlying cells. Here we report the characterization of the Arabidopsis cutin synthase 2 （cus2） mutant, which causes a great reduction in cuticular ridges on the mature sepal epidermis, but only a moderate effect on petal cone cell ridges. Using scanning electron microscopy and confocal live imaging combined with quantification of cellular growth, we find that cuticular ridge formation progresses down the sepal from tip to base as the sepal grows, pCUS2：：GFP-GUS reporter expression coincides with cutic- ular ridge formation, descending the sepal from tip to base. Ridge formation also coincides with the reduction in growth rate and termination of cell division of the underlying epidermal cells. Surprisingly, cuticular ridges at first form normally in the cus2 mutant, but are lost progressively at later stages of sepal development, indicating that CUS2 is crucial for the maintenance of cuticular ridges after they are formed~ Our results reveal the dynamics of both ridge formation and maintenance as the sepal grows.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to determine the collection standard of cotton ovules on different days before flowering,and then to more clearly study the changes in gene expression of cotton ovules before and after blooming....[Objective]The aim was to determine the collection standard of cotton ovules on different days before flowering,and then to more clearly study the changes in gene expression of cotton ovules before and after blooming.[Method]The standard to distinguish ovules in Xinluzao 13 on different days before flowering was defined by the length and width of alabasterum and sepal.[Result]The alabasterum length increased gradually with approaching of flowering time,while other parameters did not show the same tendency.Therefore,the alabasterum length was chosen as the standard to determine the ovules on different days before flowering.The results of statistics analysis revealed that the alabstrums with length of 1.0-1.2,1.3-1.5 cm and more than 1.7 cm respectively were determined as the standards for ovules collection on 5,3 and 1 d before flowering.[Conclusion]This study will provide not only the reference data for the collection of ovules sample in the following experiment,but also the basis for more precisely detecting the changes in gene expression of ovules before and after flowering.展开更多
目的 比较右室主动固定电极和被动电极导线应用结果，探索右室主动固定电极导线临床应用的可行性。方法 需要安置心脏起搏器患者59例，其中男20例、女39例；年龄在75．6±23．8（54-92）岁。患者为缓慢性心律失常或者严重心力衰竭...目的 比较右室主动固定电极和被动电极导线应用结果，探索右室主动固定电极导线临床应用的可行性。方法 需要安置心脏起搏器患者59例，其中男20例、女39例；年龄在75．6±23．8（54-92）岁。患者为缓慢性心律失常或者严重心力衰竭。30例被动电极组，固定部位为右室心尖部；主动电极组29例，电极固定部位为右室流出道。结果 主动电极组与被动电极组即刻起搏参数比较没有明显的差异（起搏阈值：0．62±0．19V vs 0．78±0．09V，P〉0．05）。在出院后1，3，6个月随访起搏阈值与置入时比较也没有差异。只有1例出现主动电极从右室流出道间隔部脱位。主动电极置入时间和曝光时间较被动电极明显延长（45．03±1．99min vs 13．69±11．37min；17．88±7．23min vs 89．78±3．55min，P均〈0．05）。结论 使用主动固定电极进行右室流出道间隔部起搏是可行和安全的。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LTY22C030002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32001113)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LQ19C030001)。
文摘Plants of the Caprifoliaceae family are widely cultivated worldwide as ornamental plants owing to their numerous,sweet-smelling,beautiful flowers and fruits.Heptacodium miconioides Rehd.,a member of the family,is endemic to eastern China and is cultivated as a popular ornamental plant in North America and European countries.It has a rather novel and beautiful trait of high horticultural value,that is,its sepals persist and enlarge,turning purplish red.Here,we report the chromosome-level genome assembly of H.miconioides to understand its evolution and floral characteristics.The 622.28 Mb assembled genome harbored a shared whole-genome duplication with a related species,Lonicera japonica.Comparative genomic analysis suggested that chromosome fission events following genome duplication underlie the unusual chromosome number of these two species,as well as chromosome fission of another five chromosomes in H.miconioides,giving rise to a haploid chromosome number of 14(versus 9 in L.japonica).In addition,based on transcriptome and chloroplast genome analysis of 17 representative species in the Caprifoliaceae,we assumed that large structural variations in the chromosomes of H.miconioides were not caused by hybridization.Changes in the candidate genes of the MADS-box family were detected in the H.miconioides genome,including AP1-,AP3-,and SEPexpanded,which might underlie the sepal elongation and development in this species.The current findings provided a critical resource for genome evolution studies in Caprifoliaceae and it was an example of how multi-omics data can elucidate the regulation of important ornamental traits.
基金supported by the Tackling Project for Social Development of Committee of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province(2003K10-G83)
文摘Objective To explore the multiple risk factors for family lifestyle of children with congenital heart defects(CHDs)in Shaanxi Province,China.Methods A 1∶1 case-control study was carried out to investigate 60 pairs of children and their parents.The univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the influence of risk factors related to parents’ lifestyle on CHDs.Results Several possible risk factors were found for CHDs,including fever(OR=4.465,P=0.017),pesticides contact(OR=2.234,P=0.083),passive smoking during pregnancy(OR=20.529,P=0.007)and father’s smoking(OR=3.342,P=0.005);fever(OR=2.428,P=0.012)and passive smoking during pregnancy(OR=1.201,P=0.037)were also correlated with ventricular sepal defect(VSD).Conclusion Fever,pesticides contact and passive smoking are associated with CHDs during pregnancy.We should focus our attention on health care during pregnancy to avoid the above-mentioned risk factors and call on parents to hold on to a good healthy lifestyle.
文摘The cuticle is a crucial barrier on the aerial surfaces of land plants, in many plants, including Arabidopsis, the sepals and petals form distinctive nanoridges in their cuticles. However, little is known about how the formation and maintenance of these nanostructures is coordinated with the growth and development of the underlying cells. Here we report the characterization of the Arabidopsis cutin synthase 2 （cus2） mutant, which causes a great reduction in cuticular ridges on the mature sepal epidermis, but only a moderate effect on petal cone cell ridges. Using scanning electron microscopy and confocal live imaging combined with quantification of cellular growth, we find that cuticular ridge formation progresses down the sepal from tip to base as the sepal grows, pCUS2：：GFP-GUS reporter expression coincides with cutic- ular ridge formation, descending the sepal from tip to base. Ridge formation also coincides with the reduction in growth rate and termination of cell division of the underlying epidermal cells. Surprisingly, cuticular ridges at first form normally in the cus2 mutant, but are lost progressively at later stages of sepal development, indicating that CUS2 is crucial for the maintenance of cuticular ridges after they are formed~ Our results reveal the dynamics of both ridge formation and maintenance as the sepal grows.
基金Supported by Key Project of 973Program(2004CB117307)Special Transgenic Fund in Department of Agriculture(2009ZX08005-027B)Doctor's Foundation in Corps(2007JC08)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to determine the collection standard of cotton ovules on different days before flowering,and then to more clearly study the changes in gene expression of cotton ovules before and after blooming.[Method]The standard to distinguish ovules in Xinluzao 13 on different days before flowering was defined by the length and width of alabasterum and sepal.[Result]The alabasterum length increased gradually with approaching of flowering time,while other parameters did not show the same tendency.Therefore,the alabasterum length was chosen as the standard to determine the ovules on different days before flowering.The results of statistics analysis revealed that the alabstrums with length of 1.0-1.2,1.3-1.5 cm and more than 1.7 cm respectively were determined as the standards for ovules collection on 5,3 and 1 d before flowering.[Conclusion]This study will provide not only the reference data for the collection of ovules sample in the following experiment,but also the basis for more precisely detecting the changes in gene expression of ovules before and after flowering.
文摘目的 比较右室主动固定电极和被动电极导线应用结果，探索右室主动固定电极导线临床应用的可行性。方法 需要安置心脏起搏器患者59例，其中男20例、女39例；年龄在75．6±23．8（54-92）岁。患者为缓慢性心律失常或者严重心力衰竭。30例被动电极组，固定部位为右室心尖部；主动电极组29例，电极固定部位为右室流出道。结果 主动电极组与被动电极组即刻起搏参数比较没有明显的差异（起搏阈值：0．62±0．19V vs 0．78±0．09V，P〉0．05）。在出院后1，3，6个月随访起搏阈值与置入时比较也没有差异。只有1例出现主动电极从右室流出道间隔部脱位。主动电极置入时间和曝光时间较被动电极明显延长（45．03±1．99min vs 13．69±11．37min；17．88±7．23min vs 89．78±3．55min，P均〈0．05）。结论 使用主动固定电极进行右室流出道间隔部起搏是可行和安全的。
