Silicon nanomembrane（SiNM）transistors gated by chitosan membrane were fabricated on plastic substrate to mimic synapse behaviors.The device has both a bottom proton gate（BG）and multiple side gates（SG）.Electrical...Silicon nanomembrane（SiNM）transistors gated by chitosan membrane were fabricated on plastic substrate to mimic synapse behaviors.The device has both a bottom proton gate（BG）and multiple side gates（SG）.Electrical transfer properties of BG show hysteresis curves different from those of typical SiO2 gate dielectric.Synaptic behaviors and functions by linear accumulation and release of protons have been mimicked on this device：excitatory post-synaptic current（EPSC）and paired pulse facilitation behavior of biological synapses were mimicked and the paired-pulse facilitation index could be effectively tuned by the spike interval applied on the BG.Synaptic behaviors and functions,including short-term memory and long-term memory,were also experimentally demonstrated in BG mode.Meanwhile,spiking logic operation and logic modulation were realized in SG mode.展开更多
Smart dust,which refers to miniaturized,multifunctional sensor motes,would open up data acquisition opportunities for Internet of Things(IoT)and Environmental protection applications.However,critical obstacles remain ...Smart dust,which refers to miniaturized,multifunctional sensor motes,would open up data acquisition opportunities for Internet of Things(IoT)and Environmental protection applications.However,critical obstacles remain challenging in the integration of high-density sensors,further miniaturization of device platforms,and reduction of cost.Here,we demonstrate the concept of smart digital dust to address these problems,the results of which combine the benefit of(i)maturity of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor(CMOS)processing approaches and(ii)unique form factors of emerging flex-ible electronics.As a prototype for smart digital dust,we present a millimeter-scale multifunctional optoelectronic sensor platform con-sisting of high-performance optoelectronic sensor cores and commer-cially available integrated-circuit components.The smart material-assisted optoelectronic sensing mechanism enables real-time,high-sensitivity hydrogen,temperature,and relative humidity(RH)sens-ing based on a single chip with ultralow power consumption.Such a microsystem presented here introduces a viable solution to the multi-functional sensing need of IoT and could serve as a building block for the rapidly evolving future framework of smart dust.展开更多
Laser processing provides highly-controlled modification and on-demand fabrication of plasmon metal nanostructures for light absorption and photothermal convention.We present the laser-induced forward tansfer(LIFT)fab...Laser processing provides highly-controlled modification and on-demand fabrication of plasmon metal nanostructures for light absorption and photothermal convention.We present the laser-induced forward tansfer(LIFT)fabrication of silver nanomembranes in control of light absorption.By varying the hatch distance,different morphologies of randomly distributed plasmon silver nanostructures were produced,leading to well-controlled light absorption levels from 11%to 81%over broadband.The anti-reflection features were maintained below 17%.Equilibrated and plain absorptions were obtained throughout all absorption levels with a maximum intensity fluctuation of±8.5%for the 225μJ cases.The 45μJ pulse energy can offer a highly equilibrated absorption at a 60%absorption level with an intensity fluctuation of±1%.Pattern transfer was also achieved on a thin tape surface.The laser-transferred characters and patterns demonstrate a localized temperature rise.A rapid temperature rising of roughly 15℃can be achieved within 1 s.The LIFT process is highly efficiently fabricated with a typical speed value of 10^(3)to 10^(5)cm^(2)/h.The results indicated that LIFT is a well-controlled and efficient method for the production of optical films with specific absorption levels.展开更多
Epidermal electronic systems feature physical properties that approximate those of the skin,to enable intimate,long-lived skin interfaces for physiological measurements,human–machine interfaces and other applications...Epidermal electronic systems feature physical properties that approximate those of the skin,to enable intimate,long-lived skin interfaces for physiological measurements,human–machine interfaces and other applications that cannot be addressed by wearable hardware that is commercially available today.A primary challenge is power supply;the physical bulk,large mass and high mechanical modulus associated with conventional battery technologies can hinder efforts to achieve epidermal characteristics,and near-field power transfer schemes offer only a limited operating distance.Here we introduce an epidermal,farfield radio frequency(RF)power harvester built using a modularized collection of ultrathin antennas,rectifiers and voltage doublers.These components,separately fabricated and tested,can be integrated together via methods involving soft contact lamination.Systematic studies of the individual components and the overall performance in various dielectric environments highlight the key operational features of these systems and strategies for their optimization.The results suggest robust capabilities for battery-free RF power,with relevance to many emerging epidermal technologies.展开更多
Light scattering by a two-dimensional photonic-crystal slab(PCS)can result in marked interference effects associated with Fano resonances.Such devices offer appealing alternatives to distributed Bragg reflectors and f...Light scattering by a two-dimensional photonic-crystal slab(PCS)can result in marked interference effects associated with Fano resonances.Such devices offer appealing alternatives to distributed Bragg reflectors and filters for various applications,such as optical wavelength and polarization filters,reflectors,semiconductor lasers,photodetectors,bio-sensors and non-linear optical components.Suspended PCS also have natural applications in the field of optomechanics,where the mechanical modes of a suspended slab interact via radiation pressure with the optical field of a high-finesse cavity.The reflectivity and transmission properties of a defect-free suspended PCS around normal incidence can be used to couple out-of-plane mechanical modes to an optical field by integrating it in a free-space cavity.Here we demonstrate the successful implementation of a PCS reflector on a high-tensile stress Si_(3)N_(4) nanomembrane.We illustrate the physical process underlying the high reflectivity by measuring the photonic-crystal band diagram.Moreover,we introduce a clear theoretical description of the membrane scattering properties in the presence of optical losses.By embedding the PCS inside a high-finesse cavity,we fully characterize its optical properties.The spectrally,angular-and polarization-resolved measurements demonstrate the wide tunability of the membrane’s reflectivity,from nearly 0 to 99.9470±0.0025%,and show that material absorption is not the main source of optical loss.Moreover,the cavity storage time demonstrated in this work exceeds the mechanical period of low-order mechanical drum modes.This so-called resolved-sideband condition is a prerequisite to achieve quantum control of the mechanical resonator with light.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51322201)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.20120071110025)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.14JC1400200)
文摘Silicon nanomembrane（SiNM）transistors gated by chitosan membrane were fabricated on plastic substrate to mimic synapse behaviors.The device has both a bottom proton gate（BG）and multiple side gates（SG）.Electrical transfer properties of BG show hysteresis curves different from those of typical SiO2 gate dielectric.Synaptic behaviors and functions by linear accumulation and release of protons have been mimicked on this device：excitatory post-synaptic current（EPSC）and paired pulse facilitation behavior of biological synapses were mimicked and the paired-pulse facilitation index could be effectively tuned by the spike interval applied on the BG.Synaptic behaviors and functions,including short-term memory and long-term memory,were also experimentally demonstrated in BG mode.Meanwhile,spiking logic operation and logic modulation were realized in SG mode.
基金supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China(2021YFE0191800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61975035,51961145108)+3 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(21142200200,20501130700)E.S.acknowledged the support by Lingang Laboratory(Grant No.LG-QS-202202-02)the support by Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2018SHZDZX01)ZJ Lab,and Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology,and the support by the young scientist project of MOE innovation platform,Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center,Part of the experimental work was carried out in Fudan Nanofabrication Laboratory.
文摘Smart dust,which refers to miniaturized,multifunctional sensor motes,would open up data acquisition opportunities for Internet of Things(IoT)and Environmental protection applications.However,critical obstacles remain challenging in the integration of high-density sensors,further miniaturization of device platforms,and reduction of cost.Here,we demonstrate the concept of smart digital dust to address these problems,the results of which combine the benefit of(i)maturity of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor(CMOS)processing approaches and(ii)unique form factors of emerging flex-ible electronics.As a prototype for smart digital dust,we present a millimeter-scale multifunctional optoelectronic sensor platform con-sisting of high-performance optoelectronic sensor cores and commer-cially available integrated-circuit components.The smart material-assisted optoelectronic sensing mechanism enables real-time,high-sensitivity hydrogen,temperature,and relative humidity(RH)sens-ing based on a single chip with ultralow power consumption.Such a microsystem presented here introduces a viable solution to the multi-functional sensing need of IoT and could serve as a building block for the rapidly evolving future framework of smart dust.
基金Projects(61704090, 11904177) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(KFJJ20210205) supported by the National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of RF Integration and Micro-Assembly Technology,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,China。
文摘Laser processing provides highly-controlled modification and on-demand fabrication of plasmon metal nanostructures for light absorption and photothermal convention.We present the laser-induced forward tansfer(LIFT)fabrication of silver nanomembranes in control of light absorption.By varying the hatch distance,different morphologies of randomly distributed plasmon silver nanostructures were produced,leading to well-controlled light absorption levels from 11%to 81%over broadband.The anti-reflection features were maintained below 17%.Equilibrated and plain absorptions were obtained throughout all absorption levels with a maximum intensity fluctuation of±8.5%for the 225μJ cases.The 45μJ pulse energy can offer a highly equilibrated absorption at a 60%absorption level with an intensity fluctuation of±1%.Pattern transfer was also achieved on a thin tape surface.The laser-transferred characters and patterns demonstrate a localized temperature rise.A rapid temperature rising of roughly 15℃can be achieved within 1 s.The LIFT process is highly efficiently fabricated with a typical speed value of 10^(3)to 10^(5)cm^(2)/h.The results indicated that LIFT is a well-controlled and efficient method for the production of optical films with specific absorption levels.
基金XF and YM acknowledge the support from the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2015CB351900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11402135 and 11320101001).
文摘Epidermal electronic systems feature physical properties that approximate those of the skin,to enable intimate,long-lived skin interfaces for physiological measurements,human–machine interfaces and other applications that cannot be addressed by wearable hardware that is commercially available today.A primary challenge is power supply;the physical bulk,large mass and high mechanical modulus associated with conventional battery technologies can hinder efforts to achieve epidermal characteristics,and near-field power transfer schemes offer only a limited operating distance.Here we introduce an epidermal,farfield radio frequency(RF)power harvester built using a modularized collection of ultrathin antennas,rectifiers and voltage doublers.These components,separately fabricated and tested,can be integrated together via methods involving soft contact lamination.Systematic studies of the individual components and the overall performance in various dielectric environments highlight the key operational features of these systems and strategies for their optimization.The results suggest robust capabilities for battery-free RF power,with relevance to many emerging epidermal technologies.
基金funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche programs‘ANR-2011-BS04-029 MiNOToRe’and‘ANR-14-CE26-0002 QuNaT’the Marie Curie Initial Training Network‘cQOM’+2 种基金the DIM nano-K Ile-de-France program‘NanoMecAtom’supported by the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship programsupported by a fellowship'Research in Paris'from the city of Paris.
文摘Light scattering by a two-dimensional photonic-crystal slab(PCS)can result in marked interference effects associated with Fano resonances.Such devices offer appealing alternatives to distributed Bragg reflectors and filters for various applications,such as optical wavelength and polarization filters,reflectors,semiconductor lasers,photodetectors,bio-sensors and non-linear optical components.Suspended PCS also have natural applications in the field of optomechanics,where the mechanical modes of a suspended slab interact via radiation pressure with the optical field of a high-finesse cavity.The reflectivity and transmission properties of a defect-free suspended PCS around normal incidence can be used to couple out-of-plane mechanical modes to an optical field by integrating it in a free-space cavity.Here we demonstrate the successful implementation of a PCS reflector on a high-tensile stress Si_(3)N_(4) nanomembrane.We illustrate the physical process underlying the high reflectivity by measuring the photonic-crystal band diagram.Moreover,we introduce a clear theoretical description of the membrane scattering properties in the presence of optical losses.By embedding the PCS inside a high-finesse cavity,we fully characterize its optical properties.The spectrally,angular-and polarization-resolved measurements demonstrate the wide tunability of the membrane’s reflectivity,from nearly 0 to 99.9470±0.0025%,and show that material absorption is not the main source of optical loss.Moreover,the cavity storage time demonstrated in this work exceeds the mechanical period of low-order mechanical drum modes.This so-called resolved-sideband condition is a prerequisite to achieve quantum control of the mechanical resonator with light.
