High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can bind to DNA and act as a co-factor for gene transcription. When released into extracellular fluid, it plays a proinflammatory role by acting as a damage-...High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can bind to DNA and act as a co-factor for gene transcription. When released into extracellular fluid, it plays a proinflammatory role by acting as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) (also known as an alarmin) to initiate innate immune responses by activating multiple cell surface receptors such as the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR2, TLR4 or TLR9. This proinflammatory role is now considered to be important in the pathogenesis of a wide range of kidney diseases whether they result from hemodynamic changes, renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, kidney tissue fibrosis or inflammation. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of HMGB1 in kidney diseases and how the HMGB1-mediated signaling pathway may constitute a new strategy for the treatment of kidney diseases. (C) 2016 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.展开更多
Objective Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are a class of newly discovered immunocytes.Group 1 ILCs(ILC1s)are identified in the decidua of humans and mice.High mobility group box 1(HMGB1)is predicted to be one of the target...Objective Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are a class of newly discovered immunocytes.Group 1 ILCs(ILC1s)are identified in the decidua of humans and mice.High mobility group box 1(HMGB1)is predicted to be one of the target genes of miR-142-3p,which is closely related to pregnancy-related diseases.Furthermore,miR-142-3p and HMGB1 are involved in regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.This study aimed to examine the regulatory effect of miR-142-3p on ILC1s and the underlying mechanism involving HMGB1 and the NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods Mouse models of normal pregnancy and abortion were constructed,and the alterations of ILC1s,miR-142-3p,ILC1 transcription factor(T-bet),and pro-inflammatory cytokines of ILC1s(TNF-α,IFN-γand IL-2)were detected in mice from different groups.The targeting regulation of HMGB1 by miR-142-3p in ILC1s,and the expression of HMGB1 in normal pregnant mice and abortive mice were investigated.In addition,the regulatory effects of miR-142-3p and HMGB1 on ILC1s were detected in vitro by CCK-8,Annexin-V/PI,ELISA,and RT-PCR,respectively.Furthermore,changes of the NF-κB signaling pathway in ILC1s were examined in the different groups.For the in vivo studies,miR-142-3p-Agomir was injected in the uterus of abortive mice to evaluate the abortion rate and alterations of ILC1s at the maternal-fetal interface,and further detect the expression of HMGB1,pro-inflammatory cytokines,and the NF-κB signaling pathway.Results The number of ILC1s was significantly increased,the level of HMGB1 was significantly upregulated,and that of miR-142-3p was considerably downregulated in the abortive mice as compared with the normal pregnant mice(all P<0.05).In addition,miR-142-3p was found to drastically inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway(P<0.05).The number of ILC1s and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly downregulated and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited in the miR-142-3p Agomir group(all P<0.05).Conclusion miR-142-3p can regulate ILC1s by targeti展开更多
提出了一种基于分布式群组移动的事件分类传输策略GMED(distributed group mobility adaptive event delivery).通过有效地发现和利用传感器节点在运动过程中形成的群组,建立基于群组的事件分类传输模型,改善数据传输性能.其中,群组的...提出了一种基于分布式群组移动的事件分类传输策略GMED(distributed group mobility adaptive event delivery).通过有效地发现和利用传感器节点在运动过程中形成的群组,建立基于群组的事件分类传输模型,改善数据传输性能.其中,群组的转发是依据各自与汇聚点的机会概率按照多副本方式进行的;而群内的事件传输则是基于各成员的稳定邻居集建立传输路径,并以单副本方式进行.队列管理则根据事件的优先级决定递交的顺序和丢弃原则.此外,引入冗余副本控制机制,优化副本管理,降低网络负载.模拟实验结果表明,与现有的几种DTMSN(delay tolerant mobile sensor networks)数据传输算法相比,GMED能以较低的数据传输能耗和传输延迟获得较高的数据传输成功率,且网络寿命相对较长.展开更多
针对群组移动节点定位算法普遍基于不切实际的假设,存在普适性欠佳和精度不高的问题,提出一种基于运动参数预测的群组移动节点定位算法。该算法根据群组移动节点具有相似运动的特点,运用Hermite插值多项式预测、过滤节点运动参数。为确...针对群组移动节点定位算法普遍基于不切实际的假设,存在普适性欠佳和精度不高的问题,提出一种基于运动参数预测的群组移动节点定位算法。该算法根据群组移动节点具有相似运动的特点,运用Hermite插值多项式预测、过滤节点运动参数。为确保定位精度,应对节点移动性带来的采样区域变化,运用预测节点运动参数构建粒子有效采样区域;为节省时间开销,基于采样粒子真实分布与其极大似然估计值之间的最大K-L(Kullback-Leibler)距离确定能够满足不同采样区域的最少粒子数目;为改善算法收敛性,运用预测运动参数创建滤波公式,并选取优质粒子参与节点位置估计。在与经典算法MCL(Monte Carlo localization)法和加权最小二乘法的MATLAB对比实验中,分析了节点移动速度、自由度、K-L距离阈值、采样方格边长对定位精度的影响。结果表明,较上述算法,本算法的定位误差和时间开销较小,无须锚节点辅助,普适性较好。展开更多
AIM: To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of improved prescription of Taohechengqi-tang (IPTT) against acute liver failure (ALF) in rats.METHODS: Seventy specific pathogen free male Wistar rats were randomly div...AIM: To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of improved prescription of Taohechengqi-tang (IPTT) against acute liver failure (ALF) in rats.METHODS: Seventy specific pathogen free male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (normal rats, n = 10), ALF group (ALF model, n = 20), Stronger Neo-Minophagen C (SNMC) group (ALF model + SNMC, n = 20), and IPTT group (ALF model + IPTT, n = 20). The ALF model group was administered an intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine (1.4 g/kg), and the control group received normal saline intraperitoneally. The SNMC and IPTT groups were treated with SMMC (15.6 mg/kg) or IPTT (28.6 g/kg) by gavage at 24 h intervals, and the ALF and control groups were treated with normal saline. At 36 h after injection, serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, albumin, and cholinesterase and prothrombin time were determined, and liver histopathological scores were observed by microscopy after hematoxylin and eosin staining. mRNA expression of high mobility group box (HMGB) 1, toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and caspase-3 were analyzed via fluorescence quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry in liver tissue was also performed.RESULTS: D-galactosamine notably decreased the biochemical and coagulation profiles in serum. IPTT not only improved liver function and histopathology but also normalized the gene expression levels in liver tissue. Compared with the model group, in the IPTT and SNMC groups, HMGB1 mRNA/β-actin (0.06 ± 0.03, 0.11 ± 0.04 vs 0.25 ± 0.04, P < 0.05); TLR4 mRNA/β-actin (0.07 ± 0.02, 0.22 ± 0.08 vs 0.41 ± 0.22, P < 0.05); NF-κB mRNA/β-actin (0.74 ± 0.41, 1.78 ± 0.64 vs 2.68 ± 1.35, P < 0.05); and caspase-3 mRNA/β-actin levels were all significantly reduced (1.61 �展开更多
基金funded by the New Xiangya Talent Project of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University(No.20150218)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-13-0605)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81102512)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.14JJ7001)
文摘High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can bind to DNA and act as a co-factor for gene transcription. When released into extracellular fluid, it plays a proinflammatory role by acting as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) (also known as an alarmin) to initiate innate immune responses by activating multiple cell surface receptors such as the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR2, TLR4 or TLR9. This proinflammatory role is now considered to be important in the pathogenesis of a wide range of kidney diseases whether they result from hemodynamic changes, renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, kidney tissue fibrosis or inflammation. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of HMGB1 in kidney diseases and how the HMGB1-mediated signaling pathway may constitute a new strategy for the treatment of kidney diseases. (C) 2016 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFC1002804 and 2016YFC1000600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81771618 and 81971356)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2042023kf0028).
文摘Objective Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are a class of newly discovered immunocytes.Group 1 ILCs(ILC1s)are identified in the decidua of humans and mice.High mobility group box 1(HMGB1)is predicted to be one of the target genes of miR-142-3p,which is closely related to pregnancy-related diseases.Furthermore,miR-142-3p and HMGB1 are involved in regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.This study aimed to examine the regulatory effect of miR-142-3p on ILC1s and the underlying mechanism involving HMGB1 and the NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods Mouse models of normal pregnancy and abortion were constructed,and the alterations of ILC1s,miR-142-3p,ILC1 transcription factor(T-bet),and pro-inflammatory cytokines of ILC1s(TNF-α,IFN-γand IL-2)were detected in mice from different groups.The targeting regulation of HMGB1 by miR-142-3p in ILC1s,and the expression of HMGB1 in normal pregnant mice and abortive mice were investigated.In addition,the regulatory effects of miR-142-3p and HMGB1 on ILC1s were detected in vitro by CCK-8,Annexin-V/PI,ELISA,and RT-PCR,respectively.Furthermore,changes of the NF-κB signaling pathway in ILC1s were examined in the different groups.For the in vivo studies,miR-142-3p-Agomir was injected in the uterus of abortive mice to evaluate the abortion rate and alterations of ILC1s at the maternal-fetal interface,and further detect the expression of HMGB1,pro-inflammatory cytokines,and the NF-κB signaling pathway.Results The number of ILC1s was significantly increased,the level of HMGB1 was significantly upregulated,and that of miR-142-3p was considerably downregulated in the abortive mice as compared with the normal pregnant mice(all P<0.05).In addition,miR-142-3p was found to drastically inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway(P<0.05).The number of ILC1s and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly downregulated and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited in the miR-142-3p Agomir group(all P<0.05).Conclusion miR-142-3p can regulate ILC1s by targeti
文摘提出了一种基于分布式群组移动的事件分类传输策略GMED(distributed group mobility adaptive event delivery).通过有效地发现和利用传感器节点在运动过程中形成的群组,建立基于群组的事件分类传输模型,改善数据传输性能.其中,群组的转发是依据各自与汇聚点的机会概率按照多副本方式进行的;而群内的事件传输则是基于各成员的稳定邻居集建立传输路径,并以单副本方式进行.队列管理则根据事件的优先级决定递交的顺序和丢弃原则.此外,引入冗余副本控制机制,优化副本管理,降低网络负载.模拟实验结果表明,与现有的几种DTMSN(delay tolerant mobile sensor networks)数据传输算法相比,GMED能以较低的数据传输能耗和传输延迟获得较高的数据传输成功率,且网络寿命相对较长.
文摘针对群组移动节点定位算法普遍基于不切实际的假设,存在普适性欠佳和精度不高的问题,提出一种基于运动参数预测的群组移动节点定位算法。该算法根据群组移动节点具有相似运动的特点,运用Hermite插值多项式预测、过滤节点运动参数。为确保定位精度,应对节点移动性带来的采样区域变化,运用预测节点运动参数构建粒子有效采样区域;为节省时间开销,基于采样粒子真实分布与其极大似然估计值之间的最大K-L(Kullback-Leibler)距离确定能够满足不同采样区域的最少粒子数目;为改善算法收敛性,运用预测运动参数创建滤波公式,并选取优质粒子参与节点位置估计。在与经典算法MCL(Monte Carlo localization)法和加权最小二乘法的MATLAB对比实验中,分析了节点移动速度、自由度、K-L距离阈值、采样方格边长对定位精度的影响。结果表明,较上述算法,本算法的定位误差和时间开销较小,无须锚节点辅助,普适性较好。
基金Supported by National Key Technology R and D ProgramNo.2008ZX10005 and No.2009ZX10005
文摘AIM: To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of improved prescription of Taohechengqi-tang (IPTT) against acute liver failure (ALF) in rats.METHODS: Seventy specific pathogen free male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (normal rats, n = 10), ALF group (ALF model, n = 20), Stronger Neo-Minophagen C (SNMC) group (ALF model + SNMC, n = 20), and IPTT group (ALF model + IPTT, n = 20). The ALF model group was administered an intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine (1.4 g/kg), and the control group received normal saline intraperitoneally. The SNMC and IPTT groups were treated with SMMC (15.6 mg/kg) or IPTT (28.6 g/kg) by gavage at 24 h intervals, and the ALF and control groups were treated with normal saline. At 36 h after injection, serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, albumin, and cholinesterase and prothrombin time were determined, and liver histopathological scores were observed by microscopy after hematoxylin and eosin staining. mRNA expression of high mobility group box (HMGB) 1, toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and caspase-3 were analyzed via fluorescence quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry in liver tissue was also performed.RESULTS: D-galactosamine notably decreased the biochemical and coagulation profiles in serum. IPTT not only improved liver function and histopathology but also normalized the gene expression levels in liver tissue. Compared with the model group, in the IPTT and SNMC groups, HMGB1 mRNA/β-actin (0.06 ± 0.03, 0.11 ± 0.04 vs 0.25 ± 0.04, P < 0.05); TLR4 mRNA/β-actin (0.07 ± 0.02, 0.22 ± 0.08 vs 0.41 ± 0.22, P < 0.05); NF-κB mRNA/β-actin (0.74 ± 0.41, 1.78 ± 0.64 vs 2.68 ± 1.35, P < 0.05); and caspase-3 mRNA/β-actin levels were all significantly reduced (1.61 �
