摘要
基于中国教育追踪调查数据,采用OLS和多元有序logistics回归分析方法,本文研究了教育代际传递在初等教育阶段的显著性及作用机制。本文研究发现:初中阶段存在显著的教育代际传递效应,父母受教育水平对子女学业表现具有显著影响。父母最高受教育年限每增加1年,子女平均成绩提高0.322分。其中,城市父母受教育水平对子女学业表现的影响强度大于农村;父亲受教育水平对子女学业表现的影响大于母亲;随着子女平均成绩的提高,父母受教育水平对子女平均成绩的影响强度趋于下降,表明学业表现欠佳的“后进生”受父母教育水平的影响更大。进一步的中介效应检验表明,父母教育水平通过影响教育期望和教育投入作用于子女学业表现。父母对子女的教育期望、子女自身教育期望和亲子互动都具有部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应比重分别是45.067%、43.329%和0.939%。基于2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据对机制的再检验再次证实中介效应的显著性。因此,要重视初等教育资源的合理配置,对普通家庭的孩子进行适度的政策倾斜;父母要注重家庭文化资本建设,既要提高对子女的教育期望,也要增加对子女的陪伴,担当起子女成长中的“重要他人”角色。
Based on the CEPS data,this paper examines the significance and mechanism of intergenerational transmission by using the OLS and multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis.The results indicate a significant intergenerational transmission effect at the education level of junior high school.Parents'education level has a significant impact on their children's academic performance.If the longest years of education for parents increase by one year,the average academic performance of their children tends to increase by O.322 points.Specifically,urban parents'education level has a greater impact on children's academic performance than their rural counterparts;the influence of father's education level on children's academic performance is greater than that of mother's;with the improvement of children's academic performance,the influence of parents'education level on children's average academic performance tends to decline,indicating that the"underachievers"with poor academic performance are more affected by their parents'education level.Further mediation effect test shows that parents'education level affects their children's academic performance by influencing education expectation and investment.Parents educational expectations for their children,children's own educational expectations,and parent-child companionship all have partial mediating effects,and the proportion of mediating effects in the total effect is 45.067%,43.329%,and 0.939%,respectively.The re-examination of the mechanism based on the 2020 CFPS data again confirms the significance of the mediating effect.Therefore,we should pay attention to the rational allocation of primary education resources and give moderate policy inclination to the children of the bottom families;Parents should pay attention to the construction of family cultural capital.They should not only raise their educational expectations for their children,but also increase their companionship and take on the role of"significant others"in their children's growth.
作者
刘金典
程名望
吴春燕
LIU Jindian;CHENG Mingwang;WU Chunyan(Northwest A&F University,Xianyang,China;Tongji University,Shanghai,China)
出处
《经济学动态》
北大核心
2023年第7期91-109,共19页
Economic Perspectives
基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划青年项目“鸿沟抑或福利:数字技术采纳对陕西省农村居民共同富裕的影响机理研究”(2023-JC-QN-0779)
陕西教师发展研究计划青年项目“高校教师AI-TPACK素养对教学效果的影响研究”(SJS2022ZQ024)。
关键词
代际传递
学业表现
教育不平等
阶层流动
Intergenerational Transmission
Academic Performance
Educational Inequality
Group Mobility
