大量流行病学和动物实验研究显示,发育早期不利因素,特别是宫内营养失衡(包括营养不良及营养过剩),导致机体生理和代谢发生永久改变,引发子代肥胖、2型糖尿病、高血压、冠心病等成年慢性疾病的发生发展。这一过程发生在胎儿发育的窗口期...大量流行病学和动物实验研究显示,发育早期不利因素,特别是宫内营养失衡(包括营养不良及营养过剩),导致机体生理和代谢发生永久改变,引发子代肥胖、2型糖尿病、高血压、冠心病等成年慢性疾病的发生发展。这一过程发生在胎儿发育的窗口期,即健康和疾病的发育起源(developmental origins of health and disease,DOHaD)。目前,其具体机制引发了国内外学者的广泛关注,特别是代谢调节关键基因在转录水平的改变及表观遗传学在引发成年代谢表型中的作用。深入了解并进一步探讨其机制以寻求有效的干预方式对控制心血管疾病及2型糖尿病的流行意义重大,对于经济快速转型的发展中国家更是意义深远。展开更多
In December 11,2018,the fall armyworm(FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda invaded China and has since impacted local maize,sorghum and other crops.Here,we draw on laboratory experiments to show how different host crops(i.e.,ma...In December 11,2018,the fall armyworm(FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda invaded China and has since impacted local maize,sorghum and other crops.Here,we draw on laboratory experiments to show how different host crops(i.e.,maize,sorghum,wheat and rice)and artificial diet affect larval growth and adult reproduction of one local FAW strain.Larval diet affected development duration,pupation rate,survival and emergence rate of pupae,and S.frugiperda adult fecundity.FAW attained the slowest larval development(19.4 days)on sorghum and the fastest(14.1 days)on artificial diet,with larvae attaining 99.6%survival on the latter food item.On rice,FAW larvae attained survival rate of 0.4%and were unable to pupate successfully.Pupation rate and pupal survival varied substantially between artificial diet and live plantlets at different phenological stages.Pupal weight was the highest(0.26 g)on artificial diet and the lowest(0.14 g)on sorghum,while FAW females reached the highest fecundity(699.7 eggs/female)on 2-leaf stage maize.Egg hatching rate equaled 93.6%on 4-or 5-leaf stage maize and 36.6%on artificial diet.FAW intrinsic rate of natural increase and the finite rate of increase varied between larval diets,reflecting how young maize leaves are the most suitable diet.Our findings can help to refine laboratory rearing protocols,devise population forecasting models or guide the deployment of‘area-wide’integrated pest management(IPM)modules in FAW-invaded areas of China and other Asian countries.展开更多
The fall armyworm(FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda,is a newly invasive,widespread agricultural pest in China.Understanding the suitability of the main field crops in Chinese agricultural system as host for this polyphagous ...The fall armyworm(FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda,is a newly invasive,widespread agricultural pest in China.Understanding the suitability of the main field crops in Chinese agricultural system as host for this polyphagous herbivore is especially important for making control strategy.Here,after FAWs were fed three important oil-bearing crops(oilseed rape,soybean and sunflower)planted in China and resultant population parameters were compared using the age-stage,two-sex life table method,survival of larvae on soybean was significantly lower than that on oilseed rape and sunflower.Developmental duration of larvae on soybean was also the longest(23.3 days).The highest pupation rate was recorded on sunflower.The highest pupal mass(0.19 g)was attained on oilseed rape,significantly higher than on the other host plants;the lowest mass was on soybean(0.15 g).On soybean,oilseed rape and sunflower,respectively,the average generation period was 42.21,39.10 and 40.44 d;the intrinsic rate of increase(r)was 0.0844,0.1041 and 0.1134;the finite rate of increase(λ)was 1.0881,1.1098 and 1.1202.While the most suitable host plant overall was sunflower,S.frugiperda completed development and increased its population on all three host plants.Thus,soybean,oilseed rape and sunflower were all suitable for FAW,and population monitoring and management of FAW in these crops should be increased.展开更多
文摘大量流行病学和动物实验研究显示,发育早期不利因素,特别是宫内营养失衡(包括营养不良及营养过剩),导致机体生理和代谢发生永久改变,引发子代肥胖、2型糖尿病、高血压、冠心病等成年慢性疾病的发生发展。这一过程发生在胎儿发育的窗口期,即健康和疾病的发育起源(developmental origins of health and disease,DOHaD)。目前,其具体机制引发了国内外学者的广泛关注,特别是代谢调节关键基因在转录水平的改变及表观遗传学在引发成年代谢表型中的作用。深入了解并进一步探讨其机制以寻求有效的干预方式对控制心血管疾病及2型糖尿病的流行意义重大,对于经济快速转型的发展中国家更是意义深远。
基金supported by the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-15-19)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,China(Y2019YJ06)。
文摘In December 11,2018,the fall armyworm(FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda invaded China and has since impacted local maize,sorghum and other crops.Here,we draw on laboratory experiments to show how different host crops(i.e.,maize,sorghum,wheat and rice)and artificial diet affect larval growth and adult reproduction of one local FAW strain.Larval diet affected development duration,pupation rate,survival and emergence rate of pupae,and S.frugiperda adult fecundity.FAW attained the slowest larval development(19.4 days)on sorghum and the fastest(14.1 days)on artificial diet,with larvae attaining 99.6%survival on the latter food item.On rice,FAW larvae attained survival rate of 0.4%and were unable to pupate successfully.Pupation rate and pupal survival varied substantially between artificial diet and live plantlets at different phenological stages.Pupal weight was the highest(0.26 g)on artificial diet and the lowest(0.14 g)on sorghum,while FAW females reached the highest fecundity(699.7 eggs/female)on 2-leaf stage maize.Egg hatching rate equaled 93.6%on 4-or 5-leaf stage maize and 36.6%on artificial diet.FAW intrinsic rate of natural increase and the finite rate of increase varied between larval diets,reflecting how young maize leaves are the most suitable diet.Our findings can help to refine laboratory rearing protocols,devise population forecasting models or guide the deployment of‘area-wide’integrated pest management(IPM)modules in FAW-invaded areas of China and other Asian countries.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD0300102)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-15-19)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,China(CAAS-ZDRW202007)。
文摘The fall armyworm(FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda,is a newly invasive,widespread agricultural pest in China.Understanding the suitability of the main field crops in Chinese agricultural system as host for this polyphagous herbivore is especially important for making control strategy.Here,after FAWs were fed three important oil-bearing crops(oilseed rape,soybean and sunflower)planted in China and resultant population parameters were compared using the age-stage,two-sex life table method,survival of larvae on soybean was significantly lower than that on oilseed rape and sunflower.Developmental duration of larvae on soybean was also the longest(23.3 days).The highest pupation rate was recorded on sunflower.The highest pupal mass(0.19 g)was attained on oilseed rape,significantly higher than on the other host plants;the lowest mass was on soybean(0.15 g).On soybean,oilseed rape and sunflower,respectively,the average generation period was 42.21,39.10 and 40.44 d;the intrinsic rate of increase(r)was 0.0844,0.1041 and 0.1134;the finite rate of increase(λ)was 1.0881,1.1098 and 1.1202.While the most suitable host plant overall was sunflower,S.frugiperda completed development and increased its population on all three host plants.Thus,soybean,oilseed rape and sunflower were all suitable for FAW,and population monitoring and management of FAW in these crops should be increased.
