AIM: To investigate the effect of moxibustion on intestinal flora and release of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from the colon in rat with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: A rat model of...AIM: To investigate the effect of moxibustion on intestinal flora and release of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from the colon in rat with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: A rat model of UC was established by local stimulation of the intestine with supernatant from colonic contents harvested from human UC patients. A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following groups: normal (sham), model (UC), herb-partition moxibustion (HPM-treated), and positive control sulfasalazine (SA-treated). Rats treated with HPM received HPM at acupuncture points ST25 and RN6, once a day for 15 min, for a total of 8 d. Rats in the SA group were perfused with SA twice a day for 8 d. The colonic histopathology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin. The levels of intestinal flora, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis), were tested by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect bacterial 16S rRNA/DNA in order to determine DNA copy numbers of each specific species. Immunohistochemical assays were used to observe the expression of TNF-α and IL-12 in the rat colons. RESULTS: HPM treatment inhibited immunopathology in colonic tissues of UC rats; the general morphological score and the immunopathological score were significantly decreased in the HPM and SA groups compared with the model group [3.5 (2.0-4.0), 3.0 (1.5-3.5) vs 6.0 (5.5-7.0), P < 0.05 for the general morphological score, and 3.00 (2.00-3.50), 3.00 (2.50-3.50) vs 5.00 (4.50-5.50), P < 0.01 for the immunopathological score]. As measured by DNA copy number, we found that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which are associated with a healthy colon, were significantly higher in the HPM and SA groups than in the model group (1.395 ± 1.339, 1.461 ± 1.152 vs 0.045 ± 0.036, P < 0.01 for Bifidobacterium, and 0.395 ± 0.325, 0.851 ± 0.651 vs 0.0015 ± 0.0014, P < 0.01 for Lactobacillus). On the other hand, E. coli and B. fragilis, which are as展开更多
Background Limited data are available in relation to the clinical features of PIBO undergoing prolonged nebulization treat-ment with budesonide, terbutaline and ipratropium bromide. This retrospective study aimed to o...Background Limited data are available in relation to the clinical features of PIBO undergoing prolonged nebulization treat-ment with budesonide, terbutaline and ipratropium bromide. This retrospective study aimed to outline the features of clini-cal, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and pulmonary function test (PFT) of PIBO, undergoing maintenance therapy utilizing a triple nebulization treatment and to determine the factors associated with prognosis. Methods Children diagnosed with PIBO were followed up between April 2014 and March 2017. The clinical features after maintenance nebulization treatment for 12 months were thereafter summarized. Results Thirty patients, 21 boys and 9 girls, were enrolled in the study. The median age of patients was 17.4 months, with a range between 3.0 and 33 months. Persistent coughing and wheezing were detected whilst wheezing and crackles were the common manifestations presented. HRCT scans revealed patchy ground and glass opacity, while PFT showed fixed airway obstruction in all patients. Four patients were lost during follow-up. After treatment, the clinical symptoms were improved greatly in all patients (P<0.01). The mean increase in the percentage of TPEF%TE and VPEF%VE were improved greatly (P < 0.01). Images of the HRCT scan indicated marked improvements in 18 patients (81.8%) in comparison with scans obtained pre-treatment. Conclusions Our data suggest a potential role of long-term nebulization treatment of budesonide, terbutaline, ipratropium bromide on PIBO, due to its efficacy as indicated in the improved clinical symptoms, pulmonary functions and CT manifesta-tions identified in the children. New prospective and controlled studies are required to confirm this proposition.展开更多
AIM： To explore the effect of Echinococcusmultilocularis on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathways and on livercell proliferation.METHODS： Changes in the phosphorylation of MA...AIM： To explore the effect of Echinococcusmultilocularis on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathways and on livercell proliferation.METHODS： Changes in the phosphorylation of MAPKs and proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）expression were measured in the liver of patients withalveolar echinococcosis （AE）. MAPKs, MEK1/2 [MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase （ERK）kinase] and ribosomal S6 kinase （RSK） phosphorylationwere detected in primary cultures of rat hepatocytesin contact in vitro with （1） E. multilocu/aris vesicle fluid（EmF）, （2）E. multilocularis-conditioned medium （EmCM）.RESULTS： In the liver of AE patients, ERK 1/2 andp38 MAPK were activated and PCNA expression wasincreased, especially in the vicinity of the metacestode.Upon exposure to EmF, p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase（JNK） and ERK1/2 were also activated in hepatocytesin vitro, as well as MEK1/2 and RSK, in the absenceof any toxic effect. Upon exposure to EmCM, only JNKwas up-regulated.CONCLUSION： Previous studies have demonstratedan influence of the host on the MAPK cascade inE. multilocularis. Our data suggest that the reverse,i.e. parasite-derived signals efficiently acting onMAPK signaling pathways in host liver ceils, is actuallyoperating.展开更多
Background：Neuroimaging studies have found that functional changes exist in patients with Parkinson＇s disease （PD）.However,the majority of functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） studies in patients with PD...Background：Neuroimaging studies have found that functional changes exist in patients with Parkinson＇s disease （PD）.However,the majority of functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） studies in patients with PD are task-related and cross-sectional.This study investigated the functional changes observed in patients with PD,at both baseline and after 2 years,using resting-state fMRI.It further investigated the relationship between whole-brain spontaneous neural activity of patients with PD and their clinical characteristics.Methods：Seventeen patients with PD underwent an MRI procedure at both baseline and after 2 years using resting-state fMRI that was derived from the same 3T MRI.In addition,20 age-and sex-matched,healthy controls were examined using resting-state fMRI.The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation （fALFF） approach was used to analyze the fMRI data.Nonlinear registration was used to model within-subject changes over the scanning interval,as well as changes between the patients with PD and the healthy controls.A correlative analysis between the fALFF values and clinical characteristics was performed in the regions showing fALFF differences.Results：Compared to the control subjects,the patients with PD showed increased fALFF values in the left inferior temporal gyrus,right inferior parietal lobule （IPL） and right middle frontal gyrus.Compared to the baseline in the 2 years follow-up,the patients with PD presented with increased fALFF values in the right middle temporal gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus while also having decreased fALFF values in the right cerebellum,right thalamus,right striatum,left superior parietal lobule,left IPL,left precentral gyrus,and left postcentral gyrus （P 〈 0.01,after correction with AlphaSim）.In addition,the fALFF values in the right cerebellum were positively correlated with the Unified PD Rating Scale （UPDRS） motor scores （r =0.5 l,P 〈 0.05,uncorrected） and the change in the UPDRS motor score （r =0.61,P 〈 0.05,u展开更多
采取动态高压微射流(dynamic high pressure microfluidization,DHPM)不同压力(0～120 MPa)和次数(0～7次)对鲢鱼鱼骨进行处理,以鱼骨粒度分布、微观结构、表面疏水性、游离氨基含量、钙离子溶出量为评价指标,研究了DHPM处理对鲢鱼鱼骨...采取动态高压微射流(dynamic high pressure microfluidization,DHPM)不同压力(0～120 MPa)和次数(0～7次)对鲢鱼鱼骨进行处理,以鱼骨粒度分布、微观结构、表面疏水性、游离氨基含量、钙离子溶出量为评价指标,研究了DHPM处理对鲢鱼鱼骨超微细化效果的影响。结果表明,随着DHPM处理压力的增大和次数的增多,鱼骨的粒径明显降低;其表面形貌发生改变,片状结构被破坏形成小颗粒,而后出现凝聚现象; DHPM处理能有效地改变鱼骨表面疏水性和钙离子含量;经DHPM不同压力和次数处理后,鱼骨游离氨基含量均有所降低。这可为DHPM对鱼骨改性利用提供一定的理论参考。展开更多
目的探讨降脂通络软胶囊治疗原发性高脂血症气滞血瘀证患者的有效性、安全性及经济性。方法收集2016年7月—2017年3月期间9所医院的441例原发性高脂血症(气滞血瘀证)的患者,根据用药不同分为试验组(降脂通络软胶囊)332例,对照组(蒲参胶...目的探讨降脂通络软胶囊治疗原发性高脂血症气滞血瘀证患者的有效性、安全性及经济性。方法收集2016年7月—2017年3月期间9所医院的441例原发性高脂血症(气滞血瘀证)的患者,根据用药不同分为试验组(降脂通络软胶囊)332例,对照组(蒲参胶囊)109例,观察两组患者血脂指标[低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol,HDL-C)、血清总胆固醇(Serum Total Cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)]的变化、中医证候总有效率及安全性,采用成本-效果法分析经济性。结果两组均可降低患者的LDL-C、TG和TC值,且试验组在降低LDL-C和TG值方面优于对照组(P<0.05);但两组对HDL-C的影响均不明显。试验组中医证候总有效率优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组均未发现明显的不良反应。经济性方面,试验组的成本效果比(C/E)低于对照组,且两组相比的ICER为-1345.43元,试验组为成本效果优势方案,敏感性分析显示该结论较为稳定。结论相比蒲参胶囊,降脂通络软胶囊治疗原发性高脂血症(气滞血瘀证)更为有效、经济。展开更多
为评价麝香通心滴丸联合常规治疗冠心病的有效性和安全性。该研究检索包括PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI,Wanfang, VIP,SinoMed的8个文献数据库,检索时间截至2020年11月。纳入试验组为麝香通心滴丸联合常规...为评价麝香通心滴丸联合常规治疗冠心病的有效性和安全性。该研究检索包括PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI,Wanfang, VIP,SinoMed的8个文献数据库,检索时间截至2020年11月。纳入试验组为麝香通心滴丸联合常规治疗冠心病的临床研究,应用STATA 15软件进行Meta分析。最终纳入21篇文献,共计2 186例受试者。有效性评价结果显示,麝香通心滴丸联合常规治疗较常规治疗冠心病的总有效率更高(RR=1.20,95%CI[1.15,1.26],Z=8.63,P<0.001)。其次,麝香通心滴丸联合常规治疗的心电图疗效(RR=1.24,95%CI[1.16,1.34],Z=5.98,P<0.001)和改善心绞痛发作次数(SMD=-2.30,95%CI[-3.47,-1.14],Z=3.88,P<0.001)、心绞痛发作持续时间(SMD=-2.31,95%CI[-3.07,-1.55],Z=5.97,P<0.001)均更好,LDL-C(SMD=-0.73,95%CI[-1.32,-0.14],Z=2.42,P=0.016)、TC(SMD=-1.16,95%CI[-1.35,-0.96],Z=11.56,P<0.001)和TG(SMD=-0.87,95%CI[-1.06,-0.68],Z=8.97,P<0.001)浓度水平更低,HDL-C(SMD=0.87,95%CI[0.02,1.71],Z=2.00,P=0.045)浓度水平更高。安全性评价结果显示,麝香通心滴丸联合常规治疗较常规治疗冠心病的不良反应发生率更低(RR=0.45,95%CI[0.22,0.91],Z=2.23,P=0.026)。上述指标的组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Harbord法检验显示总有效率结局指标存在发表偏倚,但剪补法敏感性分析认为该结果稳健。受纳入文献数量及质量限制,需要更多高质量的研究进一步验证该研究结论。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81001549National Basic Research Program of China (973 program), No. 2009CB522900+1 种基金Shanghai Health System of Outstanding Young Talent Cultivation Program, No. XYQ2011068Shanghai Rising-Star Program, No. 10QA1406100
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of moxibustion on intestinal flora and release of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from the colon in rat with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: A rat model of UC was established by local stimulation of the intestine with supernatant from colonic contents harvested from human UC patients. A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following groups: normal (sham), model (UC), herb-partition moxibustion (HPM-treated), and positive control sulfasalazine (SA-treated). Rats treated with HPM received HPM at acupuncture points ST25 and RN6, once a day for 15 min, for a total of 8 d. Rats in the SA group were perfused with SA twice a day for 8 d. The colonic histopathology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin. The levels of intestinal flora, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis), were tested by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect bacterial 16S rRNA/DNA in order to determine DNA copy numbers of each specific species. Immunohistochemical assays were used to observe the expression of TNF-α and IL-12 in the rat colons. RESULTS: HPM treatment inhibited immunopathology in colonic tissues of UC rats; the general morphological score and the immunopathological score were significantly decreased in the HPM and SA groups compared with the model group [3.5 (2.0-4.0), 3.0 (1.5-3.5) vs 6.0 (5.5-7.0), P < 0.05 for the general morphological score, and 3.00 (2.00-3.50), 3.00 (2.50-3.50) vs 5.00 (4.50-5.50), P < 0.01 for the immunopathological score]. As measured by DNA copy number, we found that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which are associated with a healthy colon, were significantly higher in the HPM and SA groups than in the model group (1.395 ± 1.339, 1.461 ± 1.152 vs 0.045 ± 0.036, P < 0.01 for Bifidobacterium, and 0.395 ± 0.325, 0.851 ± 0.651 vs 0.0015 ± 0.0014, P < 0.01 for Lactobacillus). On the other hand, E. coli and B. fragilis, which are as
文摘Background Limited data are available in relation to the clinical features of PIBO undergoing prolonged nebulization treat-ment with budesonide, terbutaline and ipratropium bromide. This retrospective study aimed to outline the features of clini-cal, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and pulmonary function test (PFT) of PIBO, undergoing maintenance therapy utilizing a triple nebulization treatment and to determine the factors associated with prognosis. Methods Children diagnosed with PIBO were followed up between April 2014 and March 2017. The clinical features after maintenance nebulization treatment for 12 months were thereafter summarized. Results Thirty patients, 21 boys and 9 girls, were enrolled in the study. The median age of patients was 17.4 months, with a range between 3.0 and 33 months. Persistent coughing and wheezing were detected whilst wheezing and crackles were the common manifestations presented. HRCT scans revealed patchy ground and glass opacity, while PFT showed fixed airway obstruction in all patients. Four patients were lost during follow-up. After treatment, the clinical symptoms were improved greatly in all patients (P<0.01). The mean increase in the percentage of TPEF%TE and VPEF%VE were improved greatly (P < 0.01). Images of the HRCT scan indicated marked improvements in 18 patients (81.8%) in comparison with scans obtained pre-treatment. Conclusions Our data suggest a potential role of long-term nebulization treatment of budesonide, terbutaline, ipratropium bromide on PIBO, due to its efficacy as indicated in the improved clinical symptoms, pulmonary functions and CT manifesta-tions identified in the children. New prospective and controlled studies are required to confirm this proposition.
基金Supported by A PhD grant from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs (French Embassy in Beijing) to Ren-Yong Linby a project grant from the "Foundation Transplantation" (2005-2006)+1 种基金by a grant from NSFC, No. 30860253 and 30760239by the Xinjiang Key-Lab project grants on Echinococcosis, No. XJDX0202-2005-01 and XJDX0202-2007-04
文摘AIM： To explore the effect of Echinococcusmultilocularis on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathways and on livercell proliferation.METHODS： Changes in the phosphorylation of MAPKs and proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）expression were measured in the liver of patients withalveolar echinococcosis （AE）. MAPKs, MEK1/2 [MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase （ERK）kinase] and ribosomal S6 kinase （RSK） phosphorylationwere detected in primary cultures of rat hepatocytesin contact in vitro with （1） E. multilocu/aris vesicle fluid（EmF）, （2）E. multilocularis-conditioned medium （EmCM）.RESULTS： In the liver of AE patients, ERK 1/2 andp38 MAPK were activated and PCNA expression wasincreased, especially in the vicinity of the metacestode.Upon exposure to EmF, p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase（JNK） and ERK1/2 were also activated in hepatocytesin vitro, as well as MEK1/2 and RSK, in the absenceof any toxic effect. Upon exposure to EmCM, only JNKwas up-regulated.CONCLUSION： Previous studies have demonstratedan influence of the host on the MAPK cascade inE. multilocularis. Our data suggest that the reverse,i.e. parasite-derived signals efficiently acting onMAPK signaling pathways in host liver ceils, is actuallyoperating.
文摘Background：Neuroimaging studies have found that functional changes exist in patients with Parkinson＇s disease （PD）.However,the majority of functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） studies in patients with PD are task-related and cross-sectional.This study investigated the functional changes observed in patients with PD,at both baseline and after 2 years,using resting-state fMRI.It further investigated the relationship between whole-brain spontaneous neural activity of patients with PD and their clinical characteristics.Methods：Seventeen patients with PD underwent an MRI procedure at both baseline and after 2 years using resting-state fMRI that was derived from the same 3T MRI.In addition,20 age-and sex-matched,healthy controls were examined using resting-state fMRI.The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation （fALFF） approach was used to analyze the fMRI data.Nonlinear registration was used to model within-subject changes over the scanning interval,as well as changes between the patients with PD and the healthy controls.A correlative analysis between the fALFF values and clinical characteristics was performed in the regions showing fALFF differences.Results：Compared to the control subjects,the patients with PD showed increased fALFF values in the left inferior temporal gyrus,right inferior parietal lobule （IPL） and right middle frontal gyrus.Compared to the baseline in the 2 years follow-up,the patients with PD presented with increased fALFF values in the right middle temporal gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus while also having decreased fALFF values in the right cerebellum,right thalamus,right striatum,left superior parietal lobule,left IPL,left precentral gyrus,and left postcentral gyrus （P 〈 0.01,after correction with AlphaSim）.In addition,the fALFF values in the right cerebellum were positively correlated with the Unified PD Rating Scale （UPDRS） motor scores （r =0.5 l,P 〈 0.05,uncorrected） and the change in the UPDRS motor score （r =0.61,P 〈 0.05,u
文摘目的探讨降脂通络软胶囊治疗原发性高脂血症气滞血瘀证患者的有效性、安全性及经济性。方法收集2016年7月—2017年3月期间9所医院的441例原发性高脂血症(气滞血瘀证)的患者,根据用药不同分为试验组(降脂通络软胶囊)332例,对照组(蒲参胶囊)109例,观察两组患者血脂指标[低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol,HDL-C)、血清总胆固醇(Serum Total Cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)]的变化、中医证候总有效率及安全性,采用成本-效果法分析经济性。结果两组均可降低患者的LDL-C、TG和TC值,且试验组在降低LDL-C和TG值方面优于对照组(P<0.05);但两组对HDL-C的影响均不明显。试验组中医证候总有效率优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组均未发现明显的不良反应。经济性方面,试验组的成本效果比(C/E)低于对照组,且两组相比的ICER为-1345.43元,试验组为成本效果优势方案,敏感性分析显示该结论较为稳定。结论相比蒲参胶囊,降脂通络软胶囊治疗原发性高脂血症(气滞血瘀证)更为有效、经济。
