BACKGROUND Unconjugated bilirubin(UCB) is generally considered toxic but has gained recent prominence for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of it on the interaction between intestinal flora and or...BACKGROUND Unconjugated bilirubin(UCB) is generally considered toxic but has gained recent prominence for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of it on the interaction between intestinal flora and organisms and how it influences immune responses remain unresolved.AIM To investigate the role of UCB in intestinal barrier function and immune inflammation in mice with dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced colitis.METHODS Acute colitis was induced by 3%(w/v) dextran sulfate sodium salt in drinking water for 6 d followed by untreated water for 2 d. Concurrently, mice with colitis were administered 0.2 mL UCB(400 μmol/L) by intra-gastric gavage for 7 d.Disease activity index(DAI) was monitored daily. Mice were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. The length of the colon and weight of the spleen were recorded. Serum level of D-lactate, intestinal digestive proteases activity, and changes to the gut flora were analyzed. In addition, colonic specimens were analyzed by histology and for expression of inflammatory markers and proteins.RESULTS Mice treated with UCB had significantly relieved severity of colitis, including lower DAI, longer colon length, and lower spleen weight(colon length: 4.92 ±0.09 cm vs 3.9 ± 0.15 cm; spleen weight: 0.33 ± 0.04 vs 0.74 ± 0.04, P < 0.001). UCB administration inactivated digestive proteases(chymotrypsin: 18.70 ± 0.69 U/g vs44.81 ± 8.60 U/g; trypsin: 1.52 ± 0.23 U/g vs 9.05 ± 1.77 U/g, P < 0.01), increased expression of tight junction(0.99 ± 0.05 vs 0.57 ± 0.03, P < 0.001), decreased serum level of D-lactate(31.76 ± 3.37 μmol/L vs 54.25 ± 1.45 μmol/L, P < 0.001), and lowered histopathological score(4 ± 0.57 vs 7 ± 0.57, P < 0.001) and activity of myeloperoxidase(46.79 ± 2.57 U/g vs 110.32 ± 19.19 U/g, P < 0.001). UCB also regulated the intestinal microbiota, inhibited expression of tumor necrosis factor(TNF) α and interleukin 1β(TNF-α: 52.61 ± 7.81 pg/mg vs 105.04 ± 11.92 pg/mg,interleukin 1β: 13.43 ± 1.68 vs 32.41 ± 4.62 pg/mg, P < 0.001), decreased展开更多
With the development of the design complexity in embedded systems, hardware/software （HW/SW） partitioning becomes a challenging optimization problem in HW/SW co-design. A novel HW/SW partitioning method based on pos...With the development of the design complexity in embedded systems, hardware/software （HW/SW） partitioning becomes a challenging optimization problem in HW/SW co-design. A novel HW/SW partitioning method based on position disturbed particle swarm optimization with invasive weed optimization （PDPSO-IWO） is presented in this paper. It is found by biologists that the ground squirrels produce alarm calls which warn their peers to move away when there is potential predatory threat. Here, we present PDPSO algorithm, in each iteration of which the squirrel behavior of escaping from the global worst particle can be simulated to increase population diversity and avoid local optimum. We also present new initialization and reproduction strategies to improve IWO algorithm for searching a better position, with which the global best position can be updated. Then the search accuracy and the solution quality can be enhanced. PDPSO and improved IWO are synthesized into one single PDPSO-IWO algorithm, which can keep both searching diversification and searching intensification. Furthermore, a hybrid NodeRank （HNodeRank） algorithm is proposed to initialize the population of PDPSO-IWO, and the solution quality can be enhanced further. Since the HW/SW communication cost computing is the most time-consuming process for HW/SW partitioning algorithm, we adopt the GPU parallel technique to accelerate the computing. In this way, the runtime of PDPSO-IWO for large-scale HW/SW partitioning problem can be reduced efficiently. Finally, multiple experiments on benchmarks from state-of-the-art publications and large-scale HW/SW partitioning demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve higher performance than other algorithms.展开更多
Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)harvesting method is critical since it significantly determines the seed yield,oil quality,and industrial efficiency.This study investigated the influences of harvesting methods on the quali...Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)harvesting method is critical since it significantly determines the seed yield,oil quality,and industrial efficiency.This study investigated the influences of harvesting methods on the quality of cold-pressed rapeseed oil of two varieties.Oil color,peroxide value(POV),tocopherol content,fatty acid composition,and polarity of total polyphenols(PTP)contents of two rapeseed varieties in Huanggang and Xiangyang were compared through artificially simulated combined harvesting and two-stage harvesting.Results showed significant differences in the quality of rapeseed oil between the two harvesting methods.The red value(R-value),POV,total tocopherol contents,linoleic and linolenic acid content,and PTP content of the pressed rapeseed oil prepared by the combined harvesting method were about 27.6,5.7,15.8,2.0,0.5,and 28.6%lower than those of the oil produced from the two-stage harvesting method,respectively.Xiangyang and Huayouza62 performed better in the two regions and two varieties,respectively.To sum up,the rapeseed oil obtained 41–44 days after final flowering of combined harvesting,35 days after final flowering,and six days of post-ripening of the two-stage harvesting had the best quality.展开更多
Target tracking is very important in computer vision and related areas. It is usually difficult to accurately track fast motion target with appearance variations. Sometimes the tracking algorithms fail for heavy appea...Target tracking is very important in computer vision and related areas. It is usually difficult to accurately track fast motion target with appearance variations. Sometimes the tracking algorithms fail for heavy appearance variations. A multiple template method to track fast motion target with appearance changes is presented under the framework of appearance model with Kalman filter. Firstly, we construct a multiple template appearance model, which includes both the original template and templates affinely transformed from original one. Generally speaking, appearance variations of fast motion target can be covered by affine transformation. Therefore, the affine tr templates match the target of appearance variations better than conventional models. Secondly, we present an improved Kalman filter for approx- imate estimating the motion trail of the target and a modified similarity evaluation function for exact matching. The estimation approach can reduce time complexity of the algorithm and keep accuracy in the meantime. Thirdly, we propose an adaptive scheme for updating template set to alleviate the drift problem. The scheme considers the following differences： the weight differences in two successive frames; different types of affine transformation applied to templates. Finally, experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is robust to appearance varia- tion of fast motion target and achieves real-time performance on middle/low-range computing platform.展开更多
It's a challenge for detecting the therapeutic targets of a polypharmacological drug from variations in the responsed networks in thedfferentiated populations with complex diseases,as stable coronary heart disease...It's a challenge for detecting the therapeutic targets of a polypharmacological drug from variations in the responsed networks in thedfferentiated populations with complex diseases,as stable coronary heart disease.Here,in an adaptive,31-center,randomized,double-blind trial invoving 920 patients with moderate symptomatic stable angina treated by 14-day Danhong injection(DHI),a kind of polyphamacological drug with high quality control,or placebo(0.9%saline),with 76-day following-up,we firstly confrmed that DHl couldincrease the proportion of patients with clinically significant changes on angina-frequency assessed by Seattle Angina Questionnaire(ASAQ-AF220)(12.78%at Day 30,95%confidence interval[C]5.86-19.71%,P=0.0003,13.82%at Day 6C0,95%CI 6.82-20.82%,P=0.0001and 8.95%at Day 90,95%CI 2.06-15.85%,P=0.01).We also found that there were no significant differences in new-onset major vascularevents(P=0.8502)and serious adverse events(P=0.9105)between DHl and placebo.After performing the RNA sequencing in 62 selectedpatients,we developed a systemic modular approach tp identfy differentilly expressed modules(DEMs)of DHI with the Z_(summay)valueless than 0 compared with the control group,calculated by weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),and sketched out thebasic framework on a modular map with 25 functional modules targeted by DII.Furthermore,the effective therapeutic module(ETM),defined as the highest corelation value with the phenotype alteration(SAQ-AF,the change in SAQ-AF at Day 30 from baseline)calculatedby WGCNA,was identifed in the population with the best effect(ASAQ-AF240),which is related to anticoagulation and regulation ofcholesterol metabolism.We assessed the modular flexbility of this ETM using the global topological D value based on Euclidean distance,which is corelated with phenotype alteration(r^(2):0.8204,P=0.019)by linear regression.Our study identified the ant-angina therapeuticmodule in the effective population treated by the multi-target drug.Modular methods facilitate the discovery of展开更多
基金Supported by grants from the National Natural Foundation of China,No.81703232
文摘BACKGROUND Unconjugated bilirubin(UCB) is generally considered toxic but has gained recent prominence for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of it on the interaction between intestinal flora and organisms and how it influences immune responses remain unresolved.AIM To investigate the role of UCB in intestinal barrier function and immune inflammation in mice with dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced colitis.METHODS Acute colitis was induced by 3%(w/v) dextran sulfate sodium salt in drinking water for 6 d followed by untreated water for 2 d. Concurrently, mice with colitis were administered 0.2 mL UCB(400 μmol/L) by intra-gastric gavage for 7 d.Disease activity index(DAI) was monitored daily. Mice were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. The length of the colon and weight of the spleen were recorded. Serum level of D-lactate, intestinal digestive proteases activity, and changes to the gut flora were analyzed. In addition, colonic specimens were analyzed by histology and for expression of inflammatory markers and proteins.RESULTS Mice treated with UCB had significantly relieved severity of colitis, including lower DAI, longer colon length, and lower spleen weight(colon length: 4.92 ±0.09 cm vs 3.9 ± 0.15 cm; spleen weight: 0.33 ± 0.04 vs 0.74 ± 0.04, P < 0.001). UCB administration inactivated digestive proteases(chymotrypsin: 18.70 ± 0.69 U/g vs44.81 ± 8.60 U/g; trypsin: 1.52 ± 0.23 U/g vs 9.05 ± 1.77 U/g, P < 0.01), increased expression of tight junction(0.99 ± 0.05 vs 0.57 ± 0.03, P < 0.001), decreased serum level of D-lactate(31.76 ± 3.37 μmol/L vs 54.25 ± 1.45 μmol/L, P < 0.001), and lowered histopathological score(4 ± 0.57 vs 7 ± 0.57, P < 0.001) and activity of myeloperoxidase(46.79 ± 2.57 U/g vs 110.32 ± 19.19 U/g, P < 0.001). UCB also regulated the intestinal microbiota, inhibited expression of tumor necrosis factor(TNF) α and interleukin 1β(TNF-α: 52.61 ± 7.81 pg/mg vs 105.04 ± 11.92 pg/mg,interleukin 1β: 13.43 ± 1.68 vs 32.41 ± 4.62 pg/mg, P < 0.001), decreased
基金The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61472289 and the National Key Research and Development Project of China under Grant No. 2016YFC0106305.
文摘With the development of the design complexity in embedded systems, hardware/software （HW/SW） partitioning becomes a challenging optimization problem in HW/SW co-design. A novel HW/SW partitioning method based on position disturbed particle swarm optimization with invasive weed optimization （PDPSO-IWO） is presented in this paper. It is found by biologists that the ground squirrels produce alarm calls which warn their peers to move away when there is potential predatory threat. Here, we present PDPSO algorithm, in each iteration of which the squirrel behavior of escaping from the global worst particle can be simulated to increase population diversity and avoid local optimum. We also present new initialization and reproduction strategies to improve IWO algorithm for searching a better position, with which the global best position can be updated. Then the search accuracy and the solution quality can be enhanced. PDPSO and improved IWO are synthesized into one single PDPSO-IWO algorithm, which can keep both searching diversification and searching intensification. Furthermore, a hybrid NodeRank （HNodeRank） algorithm is proposed to initialize the population of PDPSO-IWO, and the solution quality can be enhanced further. Since the HW/SW communication cost computing is the most time-consuming process for HW/SW partitioning algorithm, we adopt the GPU parallel technique to accelerate the computing. In this way, the runtime of PDPSO-IWO for large-scale HW/SW partitioning problem can be reduced efficiently. Finally, multiple experiments on benchmarks from state-of-the-art publications and large-scale HW/SW partitioning demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve higher performance than other algorithms.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1600502).
文摘Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)harvesting method is critical since it significantly determines the seed yield,oil quality,and industrial efficiency.This study investigated the influences of harvesting methods on the quality of cold-pressed rapeseed oil of two varieties.Oil color,peroxide value(POV),tocopherol content,fatty acid composition,and polarity of total polyphenols(PTP)contents of two rapeseed varieties in Huanggang and Xiangyang were compared through artificially simulated combined harvesting and two-stage harvesting.Results showed significant differences in the quality of rapeseed oil between the two harvesting methods.The red value(R-value),POV,total tocopherol contents,linoleic and linolenic acid content,and PTP content of the pressed rapeseed oil prepared by the combined harvesting method were about 27.6,5.7,15.8,2.0,0.5,and 28.6%lower than those of the oil produced from the two-stage harvesting method,respectively.Xiangyang and Huayouza62 performed better in the two regions and two varieties,respectively.To sum up,the rapeseed oil obtained 41–44 days after final flowering of combined harvesting,35 days after final flowering,and six days of post-ripening of the two-stage harvesting had the best quality.
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation of China(61472289)Hubei Province Science Foundation(2015CFB254)
文摘Target tracking is very important in computer vision and related areas. It is usually difficult to accurately track fast motion target with appearance variations. Sometimes the tracking algorithms fail for heavy appearance variations. A multiple template method to track fast motion target with appearance changes is presented under the framework of appearance model with Kalman filter. Firstly, we construct a multiple template appearance model, which includes both the original template and templates affinely transformed from original one. Generally speaking, appearance variations of fast motion target can be covered by affine transformation. Therefore, the affine tr templates match the target of appearance variations better than conventional models. Secondly, we present an improved Kalman filter for approx- imate estimating the motion trail of the target and a modified similarity evaluation function for exact matching. The estimation approach can reduce time complexity of the algorithm and keep accuracy in the meantime. Thirdly, we propose an adaptive scheme for updating template set to alleviate the drift problem. The scheme considers the following differences： the weight differences in two successive frames; different types of affine transformation applied to templates. Finally, experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is robust to appearance varia- tion of fast motion target and achieves real-time performance on middle/low-range computing platform.
基金funded by China National Science and Technology Major Project for"Significant New Drugs Development"(2011ZX09304-07)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81673833)China Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(ZZ0908029).
文摘It's a challenge for detecting the therapeutic targets of a polypharmacological drug from variations in the responsed networks in thedfferentiated populations with complex diseases,as stable coronary heart disease.Here,in an adaptive,31-center,randomized,double-blind trial invoving 920 patients with moderate symptomatic stable angina treated by 14-day Danhong injection(DHI),a kind of polyphamacological drug with high quality control,or placebo(0.9%saline),with 76-day following-up,we firstly confrmed that DHl couldincrease the proportion of patients with clinically significant changes on angina-frequency assessed by Seattle Angina Questionnaire(ASAQ-AF220)(12.78%at Day 30,95%confidence interval[C]5.86-19.71%,P=0.0003,13.82%at Day 6C0,95%CI 6.82-20.82%,P=0.0001and 8.95%at Day 90,95%CI 2.06-15.85%,P=0.01).We also found that there were no significant differences in new-onset major vascularevents(P=0.8502)and serious adverse events(P=0.9105)between DHl and placebo.After performing the RNA sequencing in 62 selectedpatients,we developed a systemic modular approach tp identfy differentilly expressed modules(DEMs)of DHI with the Z_(summay)valueless than 0 compared with the control group,calculated by weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),and sketched out thebasic framework on a modular map with 25 functional modules targeted by DII.Furthermore,the effective therapeutic module(ETM),defined as the highest corelation value with the phenotype alteration(SAQ-AF,the change in SAQ-AF at Day 30 from baseline)calculatedby WGCNA,was identifed in the population with the best effect(ASAQ-AF240),which is related to anticoagulation and regulation ofcholesterol metabolism.We assessed the modular flexbility of this ETM using the global topological D value based on Euclidean distance,which is corelated with phenotype alteration(r^(2):0.8204,P=0.019)by linear regression.Our study identified the ant-angina therapeuticmodule in the effective population treated by the multi-target drug.Modular methods facilitate the discovery of
