We present a precise measurement of a weak radio frequency electric field with a frequency of ■3 GHz employing a resonant atomic probe that is constituted with a Rydberg cascade three-level atom, including a cesium g...We present a precise measurement of a weak radio frequency electric field with a frequency of ■3 GHz employing a resonant atomic probe that is constituted with a Rydberg cascade three-level atom, including a cesium ground state |6S(1/2)〉,an excited state |6P(3/2)〉, and Rydberg state |nD(5/2)〉. Two radio frequency(RF) electric fields, noted as local and signal fields, couple the nearby Rydberg transition. The two-photon resonant Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency(Rydberg-EIT) is employed to directly read out the weak signal field having hundreds of k Hz difference between the local and signal fields that is encoded in the resonant microwave-dressed Rydberg atoms. The minimum detectable signal fields of ESmin= 1.36 ± 0.04 mV/m for 2.18 GHz coupling |68D(5/2)〉→ |69P(3/2)〉 transition and 1.33 ± 0.02 mV/m for 1.32 GHz coupling |80D(5/2)〉→ |81P(3/2)〉 transition are obtained, respectively. The bandwidth dependence is also investigated by varying the signal field frequency and corresponding -3 dB bandwidth of 3 MHz is attained. This method can be employed to perform a rapid and precise measurement of the weak electric field, which is important for the atom-based microwave metrology.展开更多
Ultralong-range Cs2 Rydberg-ground molecules(nD5/2+6S1/2F)(33≤n≤39,F=3 or 4)are investigated by a two-photon photo-association spectroscopy of an ultracold Cs gas.Two vibrational ground molecular spectra of triplet ...Ultralong-range Cs2 Rydberg-ground molecules(nD5/2+6S1/2F)(33≤n≤39,F=3 or 4)are investigated by a two-photon photo-association spectroscopy of an ultracold Cs gas.Two vibrational ground molecular spectra of triplet 3∑and hyperfine mixed singlet-triplet 1,3∑molecular states and their corresponding binding energies are attained.The experimental observations are simulated by an effective Hamiltonian including low energy electron scattering pseudopotentials,the spin-orbit interaction of the Rydberg atom,and the hyperfine interaction of the ground-state atom.The zero-energy singlet and triplet s-wave scattering lengths are extracted by comparing the experimental observations and calculations.Dependences of the measured binding energies on the effective principal quantum number.neff=n-δD(δD is the quantum defect of Rydberg D state),yield the scaling of neff-5.60±0.16(3∑,F=3),neff-5.62±0.16(3∑,F=4)for deep triplet potential and neff-5.65±0.38(1,3∑,F=3),neff-6.19±0.14(1,3∑,F=4)for shallow mixed singlet-triplet potential well.The simulations of low-energy Rydberg electron scattering show agreement well with the experimental measurements.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0304203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61475090,61675123,61775124,and 11804202)+1 种基金the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(Grant Nos.11434007 and 61835007)Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.IRT 17R70)。
文摘We present a precise measurement of a weak radio frequency electric field with a frequency of ■3 GHz employing a resonant atomic probe that is constituted with a Rydberg cascade three-level atom, including a cesium ground state |6S(1/2)〉,an excited state |6P(3/2)〉, and Rydberg state |nD(5/2)〉. Two radio frequency(RF) electric fields, noted as local and signal fields, couple the nearby Rydberg transition. The two-photon resonant Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency(Rydberg-EIT) is employed to directly read out the weak signal field having hundreds of k Hz difference between the local and signal fields that is encoded in the resonant microwave-dressed Rydberg atoms. The minimum detectable signal fields of ESmin= 1.36 ± 0.04 mV/m for 2.18 GHz coupling |68D(5/2)〉→ |69P(3/2)〉 transition and 1.33 ± 0.02 mV/m for 1.32 GHz coupling |80D(5/2)〉→ |81P(3/2)〉 transition are obtained, respectively. The bandwidth dependence is also investigated by varying the signal field frequency and corresponding -3 dB bandwidth of 3 MHz is attained. This method can be employed to perform a rapid and precise measurement of the weak electric field, which is important for the atom-based microwave metrology.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0304203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11434007,61835007,61675123,61775124,and 11904215)+1 种基金Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in Universities of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.IRT 17R70)the 1331 Project。
文摘Ultralong-range Cs2 Rydberg-ground molecules(nD5/2+6S1/2F)(33≤n≤39,F=3 or 4)are investigated by a two-photon photo-association spectroscopy of an ultracold Cs gas.Two vibrational ground molecular spectra of triplet 3∑and hyperfine mixed singlet-triplet 1,3∑molecular states and their corresponding binding energies are attained.The experimental observations are simulated by an effective Hamiltonian including low energy electron scattering pseudopotentials,the spin-orbit interaction of the Rydberg atom,and the hyperfine interaction of the ground-state atom.The zero-energy singlet and triplet s-wave scattering lengths are extracted by comparing the experimental observations and calculations.Dependences of the measured binding energies on the effective principal quantum number.neff=n-δD(δD is the quantum defect of Rydberg D state),yield the scaling of neff-5.60±0.16(3∑,F=3),neff-5.62±0.16(3∑,F=4)for deep triplet potential and neff-5.65±0.38(1,3∑,F=3),neff-6.19±0.14(1,3∑,F=4)for shallow mixed singlet-triplet potential well.The simulations of low-energy Rydberg electron scattering show agreement well with the experimental measurements.
