摘要
超冷长程Rydberg-基态分子由一个Rydberg原子与一个或多个基态原子通过Rydberg电子与基态原子的低能散射形成.这类分子具有尺寸大和永久电偶极矩大等优良特性,是近年来人们研究的热点课题.本文综述了超冷Rydberg-基态分子的最新理论和实验进展,包括Rydberg电子与基态原子低能散射的理论模型和势能曲线,光缔合Rydberg分子的实验制备和光谱特性,Rydberg-基态分子永久电偶极矩的测量等.最新的研究发现C_(s)_(n)D_(J)-型Rydberg-基态分子的永久电偶极矩为负值,这与以往的此类分子(电偶极矩为正)不同.负电偶极矩反映了Rydberg电子的概率密度在基态(微扰)原子附近是减少的,由微扰原子附近Rydberg电子波函数的相消干涉产生.
Ultra-cold long-range Rydberg-ground molecule consisting of a Rydberg atom and one or more ground-state atoms is formed by low-energy scattering between the Rydberg electron and ground-state atoms located inside the Rydberg electron’s wave function.The low-energy scattering interaction,initially investigated by Fermi and Omont,has been predicted to lead to molecular binding in a novel type of Rydberg molecules,including the trilobite and butterfly molecules.Their unconventional binding mechanism,which is unlike covalent,or ionic,or van der Waals bonds,results in loosely bound molecules with bond lengths on the order of thousands of Bohr radius.This kind of molecule with large size and huge permanent electric dipole moment is a good candidate for realizing the certain strongly correlated many-body gases and for quantum information processing,as well as for dipolar quantum gases and spin systems with long-range interactions.Consequently,these molecules have received considerable attention in recent years.In this paper,we review the recent theoretical and experimental investigations of ultra-cold long-range Rydberg-ground molecules,including the scattering interaction between the Rydberg electron and ground-state atom and the resulting adiabatic potential curves,experimental observations of photo-associated Rydbergground molecules spectra,as well as the measurements of permanent electric dipole moment.Ultra-cold longrange Rydberg-ground molecules are prepared by photoassociation in a high-density cold atom sample.Therefore,the Rydberg electron can bind several ground-state atoms to form a polyatomic Rydberg-ground molecule.The permanent molecular electric-dipole moments are revealed by spectral line broadening in the electric fields.The latest research pointed out that the permanent electric dipole moments of the C_(s)_(n)D_(J)-type Rydberg-ground molecules are negative,which is different from the previous reports(the electric dipole moments are positive).The negative sign reflects a deficiency of Rydberg-electron
作者
白素英
白景旭
韩小萱
焦月春
赵建明
Bai Su-Ying;Bai Jing-Xu;Han Xiao-Xuan;Jiao Yue-Chun;Zhao Jian-Ming(State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices,Institute of Laser Spectroscopy,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Department of Physics,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,China)
出处
《物理学报》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期78-88,共11页
Acta Physica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(批准号:2017YFA0304203)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(批准号:61835007)
国家自然科学基金(批准号:61775124,11804202)
长江学者和创新团队发展计划(批准号:IRT_17R70)
山西省“1331工程”重点学科建设计划资助的课题。
