摘要
根据煤的结构特点,对煤进行闭环的超细粉碎,脱除部分挥发分,表面傅 克烷基化化学改性,与塑料经强制排气式共混,研制了一种新型的煤填充高分子复合塑料母料。将该母料用于聚丙烯,可制得具有较好强度、韧性和优良电绝缘性能的复合材料,在煤含量为20%(质量分数)时,复合材料的拉伸屈服强度大于24.0MPa,缺口冲击强度不小于8.0kJ/m2;同时,煤/聚丙烯复合材料在较大的煤含量范围内(0%～50%,质量分数),直流绝缘电阻率保持在1014Ω·cm以上。新型煤填充高分子复合材料在电线电缆中的应用表明,加工性能良好,成品绝缘层力学性能满足标准要求,绝缘性能优良,并可有效降低材料的成本。
A new master batch of coal filled polyolefin was developed and applied to produce the wire or cable coating material. The manufacturing process of the master batch consists of ultra-fine jet milling, partial devolatilization and Friedel-Crafts alkylation surface modification of the coal, blending and extruding of the modified coal/polymer with enforced venting. Through blending the master batch and polypropylene (PP), the strength and toughness of composite material are intensified. When the content of coal filler is 20%(mass fraction), the tensile yielding strength and the elongation of the alkylated coal/PP composite exceed 24.0 MPa and 100 % respectively, and the notched impact strength is no less than 8.0 kJ/m^2. The DC resistivity of the alkylated coal/PP composite is more than 10^(14) Ω·cm in the coal content of 0%～50%(mass fraction). The testing of the insulation and mechanical properties of 10 kV insulated electric cable indicates that the coal-filled polymer composites can be used as wire and cable coating material. This is a new way of direct utilization of coal.
出处
《中国有色金属学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第F01期173-178,共6页
The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(59773005)
山西省自然科学基金资助项目(980014)
山西省重点技术创新资助项目(99-039)
关键词
煤填充高分子复合材料
烷基化改性
绝缘材料
塑料母料
coal-filled polymer composites
alkylation modification
insulant
direct utilization of coal
