摘要
明朝一成不变的经济和军事安全政策实行超过200年，给生态环境造成了严重负面影响。以发展经济为目的的垦荒政策和人口政策形成恶性循环，在南方造成湖泊与河汊的减少和萎缩，在北方引起水土流失和荒漠化。确保国家军事安全的军屯、打草和烧荒等政策的实施加剧了荒漠化和草原的退化。所有这些负面环境影响都增加了中国自然灾害的发生频率，破坏了社会的稳定，最终威胁国家安全。
In Ming Dynasty, the government carried on unchangeable economic and military security policies for over 200 years, which emphasized on the economic development by cultivating more land and the security of the state by storing more crops and grass. The conduct of these policies produced negative influences upon the natural environment, such as the decreases and shrinks of lakes and rivers in the South, water and soil erosion and desertification in the North, thus leading to increased frequency of natural disasters in the whole country and more threat to the social stability and national security, which were actually against the initial purposes of those policies.
出处
《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》
2004年第3期36-41,共6页
Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
明朝
垦荒政策
人口政策
负面环境影响
Ming Dynasty
economic and military policies
natural environment
