摘要
1998年以来积极财政政策的工具性效果不足和经济运行失衡是中国经济的两个突出问题 ,二者具有承继关系 ,都受到同一转轨背景下的体制性约束。由于现阶段中的市场机制还只是框架性的 ,导致经济失衡和失业问题的原因不同于一般性的市场失灵 ,以启动经济自主增长作为积极财政政策的目标缺乏体制上的内在机理。经济运行的失衡则是消费的体制性压抑、投资的体制性冲动双重约束的结果。本文认为 ,目前中国经济运行中的问题是结构性的 ,其实质是转轨过程中传统体制性约束导致的市场机制运行障碍 ,是市场机制不成熟、不完善的结果。由于问题产生的体制背景不同 ,实践中的财政政策既无力像西方那样用以启动市场机制的恢复 ,也不可能解决转轨中的体制性约束问题 ,只能提供一个有利于解决问题的相对平稳的宏观环境。财政政策作用下的经济运行也同样受到这些因素的制约。转轨中的体制性矛盾最终必须通过深化改革来消除。
Since 1998, China's economy has been faced with two major problems: a positive fiscal policy inadequately implemented; and imbalances in economic management. Resulting from institutional constraints in a common transition process, they are thus causally linked. As current market mechanisms provide only a rough framework, neither imbalances in economic management and nor unemployment are caused by market failure in the broad; the inherent institutional mechanism is in need of a positive fiscal policy aimed at reinstituting the self running capability of market mechanisms. Imbalances in economic management arise from the combined effects of institutionally suppressed consumption and institutionally mandated investment. The article argues that current imbalances in economic management are structural—caused by contradictions between traditional institutions and a market mechanism in want of maturity and upgrading. These problems arise in ways that render fiscal policy incapable of triggering a recovery market mechanism, as occurs in the West; nor is it possible to remove institutional constraints on the transition. It provides at best a relatively stable macro economic environment helpful in problem solving. Institutional conflicts are endemic to the transition period. They can only be eradicated through further reforms.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第2期4-17,共14页
Social Sciences in China
基金
国家社科基金资助 项目号 :0 3BJL0 0 3
