摘要
葡萄(Vitis L.)是我国重要的经济果树之一,部分品种经过长途运输和贮藏后,易脱粒和腐烂,失去商品价值,选育和推广耐贮品种是解决这一问题的有效措施之一。为探究不同葡萄种质资源果柄耐拉力特性,以绯红、蜜尔紫、红巴拉多、灰比诺、沪培2号和京可晶6个质地不同葡萄品种为材料,分析其果实发育过程中的果柄耐拉力变化情况;以国家果树种质郑州葡萄圃的600份葡萄种质资源为试材,利用数显拉力计对其果柄耐拉力进行了鉴定评价,同时分析了果柄耐拉力与果柄、果蒂、果刷等性状的相关性。结果表明:6个品种果实发育过程中果柄耐拉力呈先下降后趋于稳定的趋势,硬肉品种果柄耐拉力均强于软肉品种。600份葡萄种质资源的果柄耐拉力变化范围在0.72~9.16 N之间,耐拉力分布连续且符合正偏态分布。经过聚类分析,将果柄耐拉力分为强(P>6N)、中(3N<P≤6N)、弱(P≤3N)3个等级,所占比例分别为2.5%、23.8%和73.7%,说明供试材料整体的果柄耐拉力较弱,其中果柄耐拉力强的种质有红地球、牡丹红、芳香等。果柄耐拉力与单粒重、果柄长、果刷长、单位果蒂的横截面面积和单位果刷的横截面面积呈极显著正相关,与单位果柄的横截面面积呈显著正相关,与单位面积果刷承受自身重量呈显著负相关。通过系统的鉴定评价,得到15份果柄耐拉力强的种质,以期为耐贮葡萄新品种的选育提供参考。
Grape(Vitis L.)is one of the most important economical fruit trees in China.However,a shattering rachis-like phenotype in some varieties is un-desirable,particularly during long-distance transport and storage.Breeding for storage-resistant varieties is one of the most effective measures to prevent this problem.In this study,six hundreds of accessions from Zhengzhou National Grape Germplasm Repository were evaluated for the pulling force of fruit stalk with a digital tension machine.Whether pulling force of fruit stalk correlated to fruit handle,fruit pedicle and fruit brush lengths were analyzed as well.The results showed that the pulling force of six grape varieties showed a decreasing trend during fruit ripening.The pulling force of fruit stalk of hard flesh is stronger than that of soft flesh varieties.The pulling force of 600 grape accessions ranged from 0.72 to 9.16 N,showing a continuous distribution consistent with positive skewness distribution.The pulling force was distributed into weak(P≤3 N),medium(3 N<P≤6 N)and strong(P>6 N)3 classes,with respective proportion of 73.7%,23.8%and 2.5%.It showed that most grape accessions tested in the germplasm resources have weak pulling forces.Several grape varieties showed strong pulling force of fruit stalk,including Red Globe,MuDanhong,Mathias Aromatic and so on.The pulling force of fruit stalk in different varietiesshowed a significantly positive correlation with the single grain weight,fruit stalk lengths,fruit brush lengths,unit cross-section area of fruit pedicle and unit-cross-section area of fruit brush.Besides,the pulling force of fruit stalk in different varieties showed a significant positive correlation with unit-cross-section area of fruit stalk as well as.Moreover,the pulling force was significantly negatively correlated with the ratio of unit cross-section area of fruit brush versus berry weight.Taken together,this research provided valuable information on characterizing the pulling force of grape germplasm resources in future breeding for new grap
作者
王鹏
樊秀彩
张颖
李民
刘崇怀
姜建福
李秀珍
WANG Peng;FAN Xiu-cai;ZHANG Ying;LI Min;LIU Chong-huai;JIANG Jian-fu;LI Xiu-zhen(College of Forestry,Forestry Colleg of Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023;Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期1197-1212,共16页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金(31601718)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-29-yc-1)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2018-ZFRI)~~
关键词
葡萄种质
果柄耐拉力
鉴定评价
分级
grape germplasm
pulling force of fruit stalk
identification and evaluation
grading
