摘要
中国园林在特定的社会环境、哲学审美思维等传统文化背景下,显示出不同的发展历程与艺术风格。其中,中国传统哲学思想是中国传统文化的核心,儒、释、道三个派别的宗教文化思想都对中国园林造园理念产生了巨大影响,并与由这三种思想所延伸出的'天人合一'思想、隐逸思想、风水学说、神仙思想等共同构成中国园林造园理念的哲学思想源流。随着现代社会的发展,人类活动与自然环境的矛盾愈加明显,在西方生态主义思想的影响下,形成了融贯中西相关学术思想的多种现代生态造园理念。而贯穿中国园林发展史的各种造园理念都以不同方式与内容阐述了'师法自然,天人合一'的共同精神内涵,深刻地影响了中国园林的设计方法与风格特色。研究表明,中国园林的理想表现形式是将自然的存在与人文精神的需求融合起来以达到'近自然'的理想状态。因此,'近自然园林'是今后应当大力发扬的核心造园理念。
Under the specific social environment,philosophical aesthetic thinking and other traditional cultural background,Chinese garden shows different development process and art style.Among them,the Chinese traditional philosophy is the core of Chinese traditional culture.The religious cultural thoughts of three factions(Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism)have great influence on the Chinese garden building concept.And,'integration of nature and humanity','reclusion thought','traditional geomantic omen theory','immortal thoughts'and other thoughts extended by the three ideas constitute the philosophical origin of Chinese garden building concept.With the development of modern society,the contradiction between human activities and natural environment becomes more and more obvious.Under the influence of western ecologism,diversified modern garden building ideas which integrate Chinese and western academic ideas have been formed.All the garden building ideas throughout the development of Chinese gardens have expounded the common spiritual connotation of'Learn from nature and integrate man with nature'in different ways and contents,which has brought profound influence on the design method,style and characteristic of Chinese gardens.The research shows that the ideal expression form of Chinese gardens is to integrate the existence of nature and the demand of humanistic spirit so as to achieve the ideal state of'nature approximating'.Thus,'nature-approximating garden'is the core garden building concept which should be strongly developed.
作者
袁梦
俞楠欣
陈波
卢山
YUAN Meng;YU Nanxin;CHEN Bo;LU Shan(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)
出处
《浙江理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
2019年第4期414-422,共9页
Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University：Social Sciences
基金
诚邦生态环境股份有限公司委托科研项目(17050068-J)
关键词
风景园林
哲学思想
造园理念
师法自然
近自然园林
landscape architecture
philosophical thought
garden building ideas
learn from nature
nature-approximating garden
