摘要
目的通过回顾性分析,了解金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药特点,为临床规范、正确合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法收集本院2015年1月至2017年12月各类临床标本分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌,采用VITEK2-compact细菌鉴定药敏分析仪进行鉴定和药敏试验及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)筛查。用WHONET5.6软件进行回顾性统计分析。结果在3年中分离到865株金黄色葡萄球菌,其中MRSA菌株110株,每年的数量分别是251、274和340株。菌株主要分布在门诊部、儿科耳鼻喉科和ICU,MRSA的发生率也逐年增加,药敏实验提示,金黄色葡萄球菌具有较高的耐药性,对青霉素耐药率为91.09%,红霉素、四环素、克林霉素、复方新诺明、苯唑西林的耐药率分别为48.2%、35.38%、22.89%、17.46%和12.72%。结论金黄色葡萄球菌的感染在逐年增多,对抗生素的耐药性也逐年增强,MRSA的发生率也逐年增加,提示临床医生与院感部门务必高度重视金黄色葡萄球菌的感染与临床分布,主动实施细菌培养,了解分析SAU及MRSA的耐药性,更好地合理选用抗生素,从而提高治疗效果,减少耐药菌株产生,预防和控制MRSA传播。
Objective Learning about the characteristics related to clinical distribution and drug resistance of staphylococcus aureus through retrospective analysis, then providing the evidences for accurate selection of antibiotics. Methods Collecting the staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens in our hospital between January 2015 and December 2017. The identification and drug-sensitivity of the bacteria and screening of MRSA was performed by VITEK2-compact bacterial analyzer. Data was retrospectively analyzed by WHONET5.6 software. Results Including 110 strains of MRSA, 865 strains of staphylococcus aureus were isolated in 3 consecutive years, and its annual counts were 251, 274 and 340 respectively. Strains were mainly distributed in clinics, pediatric department, otorhinolaryngological department and ICU. The incidence of MRSA also increased in recent years. Drug sensitive test revealed that the staphylococcus aureus was characterized by higher rate of drug resistance. The rate of penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and oxacillin were 91.09%, 48.2%, 35.38%, 22.89%, 35.38% and 12.72% respectively. Conclusion The infection rate of staphylococcus aureus, its resistance to antibiotics and the incidence rate of MRSA were all increasing year by year. These results suggested clinicians and infection-control department should pay more emphasis on infection condition and clinical distribution of staphylococcus aureus, perform more bacterial cultures, and analyze the resistance of SAU and MRSA. Therefore, clinicians could have a more reasonable choice of antibiotics and make a more ideal treatment. Besides, the number of resistant strains and the spread of MRSA would be eliminated.
作者
陈曙明
何有云
CHEN Shu-ming;HE You-yun(Clinical Laboratory, the People's Hospital of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Jinghong, Yunnan 666100)
出处
《智慧健康》
2019年第5期9-11,共3页
Smart Healthcare
