摘要
基于野外考察、植物标本采集及鉴定、植被调查、森林资源二类清查等多次实地调查获取的柴达木盆地野生种子植物数据,对该区域内植物区系组成、性质及分区等进行统计、分析。结果表明,(1)柴达木盆地共有野生种子植物59科227属646种(含变种),其中,裸子植物仅3科3属7种。(2)菊科和禾本科是区域内的优势科,共包括224种;此外,单种属或寡种属成分比例较大,占区域内总属数的88.99%,总种数的55.73%,其中,单科单属单种植物20种。(3)基于柴达木盆地形成的历史因素和环境条件,区域内植物以北温带分布成分、世界分布成分和地中海、西亚、中亚分布成分为主要优势成分,植物成分具有明显的旱生性、耐旱性、耐盐性等温带区系性质;热带成分8属;中国特有类型仅有1属。由此可知,柴达木盆地野生种子植物具较高的丰富性与多样性,科、属的高度分化致使植物的区系成分复杂,优势种为非中国特有种,区系以温带成分为主,与世界成分、地中海等成分有密切的联系,同时也证明区域内植物在发生历史上曾经历过与热带微弱联系的历史渊源的遗迹。
Relevant statistic analysis was conducted for understanding floristic geographical compositions,properties,and partitions of seeds plant in Tsaidam basin based on data from field visit,plant specimens collection,and forest resources inventory II.The results showed that:(1)There were 646 wild seed plants species(including variants),belonging to 227 genera in 59 families in Tsaidam basin,of which only 7 species,belonging to 3 genera in 3 families,were gymnosperms.(2) Asteraceae and Gramineae were dominate with 224 species.There was a relative high ratio of monotypic genera or oligotypic genera which accounted for 88.99% of the total genera and 55.73% of the total species in the basin.In addition,20 species belonging to both monotypic family and genus.(3)Given the driving forces and the historical conditions of the Tsaidam basin,the flora distributed in this area was dominated by North Temperate components,World components,Mediterranean,West Asia to Central Asia,hence,the floristic components were characterized by xerophytism,drought tolerance,or salt tolerance properties.8 genera were tropical components and one was Endemic to China.In general,the wild seed plants in the Tsaidam basin have high abundance and diversity.Floristic composition is complicated by the high differentiation of the genus and families,and the flora was dominated by temperate components,followed by the world component and the Mediterranean component.This implied that there is some weak relationship between the flora of this area and the tropical components.
作者
蒋丽伟
JIANG Li-wei(Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning,National Forestry and Glassland Administration,Beijing 100714,P.R.China)
出处
《西部林业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第2期126-134,共9页
Journal of West China Forestry Science
基金
林业公益性行业科研专项经费(201504401
201504401-2)
