摘要
本文论述了菊科系统分类与区系地理特点。作者将菊科区分为二亚科、5超族、12族,同时将菊科世界区系分4大区、27亚区加以讨论。
The paper would presnt the Phylogeny and Floristics of Compositae(Asteraceae) in the world. According to the reseach from Fossils and Paleopollen grains, thecentre of the original speciation and the earliest divergence of Compositaecould be at the areas around the Ancient Mediterranean and Montana ofUSA in Eocene or earlier of it in Tertiary era. The Pro-Asterales,especiallyPro-Heliantheae was perhaps, firstly, derived from Pro-Rosales, Pro-Spir-aeoideae, and from Pro-Asterales the primitive species from Trib. Heli-antheae, Trib. Mutisieae and Trib. Cichorieae, were diverged separatelyfrom the ancestors of Pro-Heliantheae, Pro-Mutisieae and Pro-Cichorieae.As the result of the climate became drought and cold,and the strong stim-ulation from insect-pollination in earlier Tertiary era, the tubular corolla,which sepals were adnated regularly or irregularly as bilabiate at the base,as in Pro-Heliantheae and in Pro-Mutisieae, or sepals adnated laterally onone-side, as in the ligulate corolla in Pro-Cichorieaea, syngenesious stamenfrom united free anthers and capitula, which were aggregated the florets onthalamous, were formed. Pro-Vernonieae Pro-Eupatorieae, Pro-Inuleae andSenecioneae, maybe derived earlierly or laterly from the ancestor ofPro-Heliantheae at tropics of C. & S. America, when the ancestorshad migrated and extended the areas into there from the speciation cen-tre. Pro-Astereae and Pro-Anthemideae, perhaps, derived from Pro-Inuleaethere, where the climate became drought or cold in Eurasia, when theancestors had migrated there; Pro-Cynareae and Pro-Arctotideae derivedfrom Pro-Mutisieae, and Pro-Calenduleae from Pro-Senecioneae in droughtand hot areas in Africa and S.-W. Asia, when ancestors of them migratedthere. Trib. Cichorieae solitarily developed from Pro-Cichorieae. The pres-ent species and genera of tribes in the world were separately divergedfrom above pro-tribes. The corolla of florets in capitula from ancestors in the family in ear-lier Tertiary age developed, perhaps, from homogamous capitula with
出处
《植物研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1993年第2期151-201,共51页
Bulletin of Botanical Research
