摘要
马来西亚地处马六甲海峡,凭借优越的地理位置,它成为了一个贸易大国,并从十世纪起就与中东建立了经贸联系。十三世纪,伊斯兰教随阿拉伯商人进入马来半岛。贸易的繁荣和伊斯兰教的广泛传播反过来加强了马来西亚与中东的联系。自1957年马来亚独立以来,马来西亚的中东外交政策既有持续又有变化。2009年纳吉布上台执政再次调整了马来西亚的中东外交政策,一是降低中东在马来西亚对外政策中的政治地位,二是弱化伊斯兰因素在马来西亚中东外交政策中的政治作用,三是凸显马来西亚与中东的经济社会联系。本文从国内政治、国际地区形势和领导人个人特质与个人伊斯兰形象三个角度分析政策变化原因。这些变化符合马来西亚的国家利益,极大地促进了马来西亚政治、经济和社会的发展。在国内没有巨大压力、国际社会不发生巨大变动的情况下,马来西亚中东外交政策方向将不会发生重大调整。马来西亚仍会在政治上实行稳健的中东外交政策,能源安全将成为中东外交政策的新着力点,非传统安全会成为中东外交政策的重点。现今,中国在中东的战略利益、经济利益、能源安全进一步加强,中国的中东外交战略正处于形成阶段,中国与马来西亚在中东地区有更多的共同利益,因而,加强对马来西亚中东外交政策的认识十分迫切。
Malaysia is situated in the Strait of Malacca,with the favorable geographic position,it turns out to be a big commercial country,which has developed close economic relations with the Middle East since the tenth century.In the 13th century,Islam was introduced into the Malay Peninsula by the Arab merchants.The prosperity of the trade and the extensive spread of the Islam has in return enhanced the links between Malaysia and the Middle East.Since its dependence in 1957,Malaysia has maintained its consistency in its policy towards the Middle East although changes have taken place now and then.After Najib Tun Razak taking office,he made some modifications to his predecessor's policy.Firstly,he lowered the political position of the Middle East in the map of Malaysia's foreign affairs.Secondly,he weakened the political functions of Islam in their policy.Thirdly,he highlighted the connections between Malaysia and the Middle East in economy and society.This thesis attempts to analyze the reasons for these changes from three aspects:the first is the domestic politics,the second is the international and regional situation,and the third is the leader's personal characteristics and his personal Islamic image.In conclusion,it finds that all the adjustments made by Najib conform to the national benefits of Malaysia,which has dramatically boosted the development of Malaysia's politics,economy and society.Without great pressure from domestic and huge changes in the international society,Malaysia's foreign policy towards the Middle East will not be changed a lot currently.In politics,Malaysia will continue its steady foreign policy.Energy security will be the new main focus and non-traditional security will become the main part in its foreign policy.Nowadays,China has strengthened its strategic interests,economic interests and energy security in the Middle East,however its diplomatic strategy towards the Middle East is still in the process of formation.China and Malaysia share a variety of interests.China's cooperation with Malay
出处
《印度洋经济体研究》
2017年第4期96-119,共26页
Indian Ocean Economic and Political Review
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"美国重返东南亚的同盟战略研究"(项目编号:14FGJ005)
湖南省社科基金重点项目"菲律宾在美国重返东南亚战略中的作用及中国的对策研究"(项目编号:13ZDB068)
湖南省教育厅重点项目"美国重返东南亚的同盟战略及中国应对策略研究"(项目编号:13A094)
湖南省美国问题研究中心重点项目"新型大国关系下中美南海冲突管控研究"(项目编号:16MGWTZD5)
关键词
纳吉布政府
中东
外交政策
Najib Administration
the Middle East
Foreign Policy
