摘要
马来西亚是一个多种族、多语言、多元文化的社会。在人口数量上,华人位列这个国家三大族群马来人、华人、淡米尔人的第二位,占人口总数的23%。华语,在马来西亚作为非官方语言,一直以来得到很好的传承和发扬,没有被异族语言同化,没有消亡,更是成为马来西亚华人身份认同的重要标记。华校是华语得以传承和发扬的重要阵地,近年来马来西亚华校在不断发展壮大的同时,还吸引了外族子弟前来就读。这个过程如何发生?背后的影响因素是什么?从华人家庭到华校,华人的语言意识形态和他们的语言实践是否一致?华人族群在争取母语教育权利的同时,和国家层面的语言教育政策执行有着哪些冲突?本文从语言意识形态、语言传承实践的角度去阐述马来西亚华语传承、发展曲折而有成就的历程,总结华语在马来西亚得以传承和发扬的主要因素。
Malaysian society features in its characteristics of being multiracial,multilingual and multicultural.Among one of the major three ethical groups,Malay,Chinese,Tamil,Chinese population ranks the second,occupying 23%of the nation’s population.The Chinese language has long been maintained and passed down in Malaysia,which has become the symbol of identity claimed by the Malaysian Chinese.The Chinese language escapes the fate of being assimilated or marginalized as a minority language,mainly due to persistent development and independent growth of the Chinese schools on the Peninsula,which also attract students of other ethical groups to come recently.How does this happen?What contributes to the Chinese language maintenance in Malaysia?From family language ideology to language management in Chinese schools,does the language practice follow consistently with the language ideology explicitly addressed?Chinese as a minority language,contrarily,Malay the national and official one,what would be the conflicts between ethnic groups defending their mother tongue rights and national language policy and planning?This paper as a literature review study,describes the process of the Chinese language maintained and developed in Malaysia,from the perspectives of language ideology and language practices and efforts contributed by the Malaysian Chinese society.
出处
《语言政策与语言教育》
2018年第2期21-32,116-117,共13页
Language Policy & Language Education
关键词
马来西亚华语传承
语言意识形态
语言实践
Malaysian Chinese language maintenance
language ideology
language practice
