摘要
在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下 ,对葡萄科Vitaceae1 1属 37种代表植物的叶表皮特征进行了观察 ,发现该科植物叶表皮细胞形状为无规则形或多边形 ,垂周壁一般为平直、弓形或浅波状 ;气孔器通常仅分布在下表皮 (火筒树属Leea偶尔可在上表皮观察到 ) ,除无规则型 (地锦属Parthenocissus、俞藤属Yua、葡萄属Vitis、蛇葡萄属Ampelopsis和酸蔹藤属Ampelocissus)最为常见外 ,不等细胞型 (火筒树属 )、短平列型(白粉藤属Cissus、乌蔹莓属Cayratia和崖爬藤属Tetrastigma)、环列型 (崖爬藤属Tetrastigma)和十字型(Rhoicissus、Muscadiania和Tetrastigma)仅在一属或少数几属中出现 ,因此可作为属级的鉴别特征。在扫描电镜下 ,角质层多具有条纹、鳞片或颗粒等特征 ,属间有细微差别 ,仅大果俞藤Y .austro_orientalis具乳突。本研究结果支持将火筒树属从葡萄科中分出独立成科 ,同时也为俞藤属的建立提供了证据。根据气孔器类型和花的特征 ,葡萄科植物 (不包括火筒树属 )可分成两大类 ,一类包括地锦属、俞藤属、葡萄属、蛇葡萄属、Muscadinia和酸蔹藤属 ,它们以具五数花和无规则型气孔器为主 ;另一类包括乌蔹莓属、Rhoicissus、白粉藤属和崖爬藤属 ,它们以具四数花和十字型。
Leaf epidermis of 37 species representing 11 genera of Vitaceae was investigated using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The shapes of leaf epidermal cells are usually irregular or polygonal; the patterns of anticlinal walls are straight, arched or sinuolate. The stomatal apparatuses, only present on the abaxial epidermis for all sampled genera except Leea, can be assigned into five types. The anomocytic type, occurring in Parthenocissus, Yua, Vitis, Ampelopsis and Ampelocissus, is common in Vitaceae; whereas the other four types can he considered diagnostic of several genera, such as anisocytic type for Leea, hemiparacytic type for Cissus, Cayratia and Tetrastigma, staurocytic type for Rhoicissus, Muscadiania and Tetrastigma, and cyclocytic type for Tetrastigma. Under SEM the cuticular membrane of the leaf epidermis is striated, scaly or granular, and papillae were only found in Yua austro-orientalis. This study provides leaf epidermal evidence for supporting the establishment of Leeaceae as a distinct family, and the separation of Yua from Parthenocissus as a genus of the Vitaceae. There are two major lineages in Vitaceae (excluding Leea), one comprising Parthenocissus, Yua, Ampelocissus, Ampelopsis, Muscadinia and Vitis mainly with anomocytic stomatal apparatuses and 5-merous flowers, and the other including Cayratia, Rhoicissus, Cissus and Tetrastigma mainly with staurocytic, hemiparacytic or cyclocytic stomatal apparatuses and 4-merous flowers.
出处
《植物分类学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第6期531-544,共14页
Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目 ( 3 0 1 3 0 0 3 0 )
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目 (KSCXZ_SW_1 0 1A)~~
关键词
葡萄科
植物
叶表皮
系统学
Vitaceae
leaf epidermis
Yua
stomatal apparatus
systematic significance
