摘要
人权条约实施的内在约束力更多地依赖于人类社会公共道德和良知,其吸引力明显低于那些实际利益。更为重要的是,人权条约的种类繁多,各人权条约往往按照自身的条约规定独立设置相应的监督机制,因而各监督机制之间表现出歧异化的一面,为人权标准的统一实施增添了难度。但是,另一方面,人权条约的共同内涵为各人权条约机构寻求共同的实施方式奠定了基础。在人权条约的渐进发展过程中,各人权条约机构纷纷遵循和模仿其他人权条约机构的最佳实践。在联合国的组织和推动下,人权条约机构之间相互协调以提高人权条约实施的效率。人权条约监督机构的设置、监督程序的种类以及监督机构的实践已然呈现出趋同化的发展态势。
The inherent binding force of human rights treaty depends on public morality and conscience of the human society.The attractiveness is significantly lower than that of the actual interests.More importantly,there is a wide range of human rights treaties,which often require independent set of monitoring mechanisms in accordance with their own treaty.There appears to be discrepancy between monitoring mechanisms,which makes the unified implementation of human rights protection more difficult.However,on the other hand,the common connotation of the human rights treaty laid the foundation for the human rights bodies to seek common embodiment.In the process of the progressive development of human rights treaties,human rights bodies tend to follow and imitate the best practices of other bodies.With the organizations and promotion of the United Nations, the human rights bodies coordinate their activities with each other in order to improve the efficiency of human rights bodies.There has been a trend towards convergence of the setting of the human rights treaty bodies,types of monitoring procedures and monitoring bodies practice.
出处
《武大国际法评论》
CSSCI
2012年第2期132-152,共21页
Wuhan University International Law Review
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“21世纪国际人权条约的实施与中国的改革与对应”(12JJD820017)的阶段性成果
关键词
人权条约
国际人权机构
人权条约监督机制
趋同化
Human Rights Treaties
International Human Rights Bodies
Human Rights Treaty Monitoring Mechanisms
Convergence