摘要
目的 :调查住院病人焦虑、抑郁情绪的发生率 ,并分析与有关因素的相关性。方法 :对综合性医院 82 5名住院病人 ,应用医院焦虑抑郁情绪测定表 (HAD)、艾森克个性问卷 (EPQ)、自行设计的心理问题影响因素问卷 ,进行心理健康状况及其影响因素的调查和分析。结果 :焦虑、抑郁的发生率分别为 2 1.5 %、18.9% ,逐步回归分析发现 ,影响住院病人焦虑的因素依次为对疾病认知水平低、对诊疗手段恐惧、医院环境不理想、性格内向 ;而情绪不稳定、性格内向、对疾病认知水平低、社会支持程度差、对诊疗手段的不了解则是引起抑郁的主要因素。此外 ,通过两组独立样本的u检验得出 ,文化程度低的病人焦虑、抑郁的分值均高于文化程度高的病人 (P <0 .0 1) ,老年组病人的抑郁分值显著高于中青年组 (P <0 .0 1) ,不同性别间无差异。结论 :焦虑的发生主要与外源性因素有关 。
Objective:To investigate states of mental health and related factors among inpatients.Method:Questionnaires of HAD(Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), EPQ(Eysenck Personality Questionnaire), and self-constructed scales of factors with psychological disturbances were applied to 825 inpatients in general hospital. Results:The rate of anxiety and depression respectively was 21.5%, 18.9%. Factors related with patients' anxiety showed by step-wise regression were low level recognition for diseases, fear for approaches to diagnosis and treatment, unfamiliar with hospital environment, introverted charichtristics. Factors related with patients' depression showed by step-wise regression are unsteady emotion, introverted charichtristics, low level recognition for diseases, scarcity of social support, unfamiliar with approaches to diagnosis and treatment. In Addition,anxious and depressive indexs showed by u-test were higher in patients with better education than those with less education( p <0.01). Depressive indexs of aged patients was significantly higher than that of yougers( p <0.01).No gender difference in our series. Conclusion: Occurance of anxiety was mainly determined by the external factors, whereas occurance of depression was mainly determined by the internal factors. Author's address Nursing Teaching and Research Section of Nursing School,Wuxi,Jiangsu Province,214028
出处
《护理管理杂志》
2002年第6期7-9,共3页
Journal of Nursing Administration
