摘要
植物个体内花型的变异影响繁殖成功,雌性繁殖性状的变异可能影响雌性的繁殖成功,也可能作为花粉的受体影响雄性的繁殖成功。然而,植物个体内不同花柱长度的花产生的花粉是否影响植物的繁殖成功却少有研究。梅(Armeniaca mume)是原产我国的重要木本花卉和经济果树,我们的野外观察发现在同一植株内,不同花的花柱长度有变异,存在长柱型、短柱型和雄花型(雌蕊败育)三种花型,是比较雌性繁殖性状的变异对两性繁殖成功的影响的理想材料。本文主要测量了不同花型的花部特征,统计花期,并开展体外花粉萌发以及人工控制授粉实验。结果表明:长柱型的花冠直径、雌蕊长、单花花粉数、花粉体积显著大于短柱型和雄花型。长柱型的单花期以及雌花期显著长于短柱型。长柱型、短柱型以及雄花型花粉在活体柱头上的萌发率没有显著性差异,雄花型的花粉管长度显著高于长柱型和短柱型。长柱型为母本的花粉萌发率以及花粉管的长度要显著高于短柱型。长柱型、短柱型、雄花型花粉授粉与自然对照处理的坐果率没有显著性差异,而长柱型为母本的坐果率要显著高于短柱型为母本的坐果率。这些结果表明野生梅花的长柱型为母本有利于花粉的萌发和花粉管的伸长,有高的坐果率;但其作为花粉供体的雄性功能与其他花型没有差异。
Style length might affect gametophyte competition during pollen germination and pollen tube elongation if pollen quality and quantity deposited on stigmas differs with style length.However,it is unknown whether pollen donors from flowers with different style lengths affect sexual reproduction.Field observation noted that style length of Armeniaca mume varied within individuals including those with long-style type,short-style type and male-flower type.Corolla diameters,pistil length,style length,pollen number and pollen volume of long-style type were significantly higher than those of short-style type.Flower longevity and female phase of long-style type were significantly longer than those of short-style type.Pollen germination rates among long-style,short-style and male-flower types were not significantly different.Pollen tube length of the male-flower type was significantly longer than that of long-style and short-style types.Pollen germination rates and pollen tube length of long-style type as pollen recipient were significantly higher than those of short-style type as pollen recipient.Fruit sets did not significantly differ between flowers pollinated by pollen from long-style,short-style and male-flower types with open-pollinated individuals.Fruit sets of long-style type as pollen recipient were significantly higher than those of short-style type as pollen recipient.
作者
王晓月
朱鑫鑫
杨娟
刘云静
汤晓辛
Xiaoyue Wang;Xinxin Zhu;Juan Yang;Yunjing Liu;Xiaoxin Tang(Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025;Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Developmental Regulation,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025;School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025)
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期159-167,共9页
Biodiversity Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(31560184
31300317)
贵州师范大学博士科研启动经费(11904/0518046)
关键词
梅
花柱长度变异
个体内花变异
萌发率
花粉管长度
坐果率
花粉的受精率
Armeniaca mume
variation in style length
intraplant floral variation
pollen germination rates
pollen tube length
fruit set
pollen siring success
