摘要
中共在苏区土地革命中,迫切需要了解和认识农村社会各阶级。地主、中农、贫农和雇农等农村阶级很容易界定,而对富农问题的认识就显得困难多了。为了更清楚地认识和了解富农,毛泽东开展了寻乌调查。在调查中,毛泽东认为"半封建性的地主"和富裕的自耕农或中农都是富农,因为他们具有地租剥削、高利贷剥削和商业剥削的性质。由此,毛泽东认为,中国的富农并不是农村资产阶级,中国共产党对民族资产阶级的政策并不适合富农。毛泽东对富农问题的认识,对苏区革命产生了深刻影响。
The Chinese Communist Party urgent needed to understand and recognize the rural social classes in the Soviet revolution. It was easy to define the landlords,middle and poor peasants and farm labourers in rural class,but more difficult to the rich peasants. In order to know and understand more clearly the rich peasants,Mao Zedong carried out Xunwu survey. In the survey,Mao Zedong thought ' semi- feudal landlords' and wealthy farmers or middle peasants were all the rich peasants,because they had rent exploitation,usury and commercial exploitation. As a result,Mao Zedong thought rich peasants in China were not the rural bourgeoisie,and the communist party of China policy on national bourgeoisie was not suitable for peasants. However,the rich peasant understanding of Mao Zedong has had a profound influence on the Soviet revolution.
基金
国家社科基金项目"从革命到反革命:中央苏区富农问题研究"(14BZS030)
关键词
寻乌调查
毛泽东
富农
苏区革命
Xunwu investigation
Mao Zedong
the rich peasants
Soviet revolution
