摘要
采用常规生化分析方法对云南盘鮈含肉率和肌肉营养成分进行测定分析。结果表明:云南盘鮈含肉率为(66.62±4.46)%,肌肉中水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分的含量分别为(76.10±0.91)%、(20.24±0.05)%、(1.32±0.17)%和(1.30±0.02)%(以鲜质量计)。肌肉中含18种氨基酸,总量为(79.78±4.22)%,8种人体必需氨基酸总量为(33.05±1.62)%(以干质量计),占氨基酸总量的41.43%,必需氨基酸的构成比例符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织的标准;云南盘鮈的第一限制性氨基酸为色氨酸,必需氨基酸指数为68.09,4种鲜味氨基酸总量为30.47%(以干质量计),肌肉中单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、二十碳五烯酸+二十二碳六烯酸在总脂肪酸中含量分别为(27.93±2.67)%、(40.28±2.54)%和(29.23±2.77)%;肌肉矿物元素含量丰富,微量元素中锌含量较高。云南盘鮈营养价值较高、味道鲜美,具有较高的开发利用价值。
The yield and nutrition components of of Discogobio yunnanensis muscle were analyzed by routine methods. The results showed that the ratio of flesh to body mass was(66.62 ± 4.46)% andthe contents(mass fraction) of moisture, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash in the fresh muscle were(76.10 ± 0.91)%,(20.24 ± 0.05)%,(1.32 ± 0.17)% and(1.30 ± 0.02)%, respectively. A total of 18 amino acids were detected in muscle proteins, including 8 essential amino acids(EAA), 2 half-essential amino acids(HEAA) and 8 nonessential amino acids(NEAA). In the dried sample, the content of total amino acids(TAA) was(79.78 ± 4.22)%,and the contents of EAA, HEAA and NEAA were(33.05 ± 1.62)%,(7.10 ± 0.31)% and(39.63 ± 2.29)%, respectively. Four kinds of delicious amino acids(DAA) accounted for 30.47% of the total amino acids. The essential amino acid index(EAAI) was 68.09. The percentage of EAA in TAA(EAA/TAA) was 41.43%, and the percentage of EAA in total NEAA(EAA/NEAA) was 83.42%. The EAA composition met the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization standard. According to the nutritional evaluation on acid score(AAS) and chemical score(CS), the first limited amino acid was tryptophan(Trp). The muscle of Discogobio yunnanensis contained 3 saturated fatty acids(SFAs), 4 mono-unsaturated fatty acids(MUFAs) and 7 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs). The contents of SFA, MUFA and PUFA were(31.79 ± 0.36)%,(27.93 ± 2.67)% and(40.28 ± 2.54)%, respectively. Furthermore, the total content of EPA and DHA was(29.23 ± 2.77)%, which was much higher than that of some marine fishes. The muscle of Discogobio yunnanensis contained abundant mineral elements, especially zinc. These results indicated that Discogobio yunnanensis is a nutritive and delicious food fish that is promising for artificial rearing.
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第10期129-133,共5页
Food Science
基金
美国大自然保护协会(TNC)项目(CN/BEIJING/SWU05162013)
重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTC2011BB1018)
关键词
云南盘鮈
含肉率
肌肉
营养成分
营养评价
Discogobio yunnanensis
ratio of flesh to body
muscle
nutrient composition
nutritional evaluation
