摘要
近年来中国城市最低生活保障(简称低保)对象快速减少,引发对城市低保制度和整个社会救助制度运行状况和发展前景的思考。本文依据相关统计数据对近年来中国城市低保对象快速减少的状况进行了分析,指出其原因主要不是名义低保标准的变化,也不是贫困者收入的普遍增加,而主要是由于在没有较大幅度提高低保标准的情况下,将低保对象识别机制严格化而导致。本文进一步分析了城市低保对象快速减少所导致的实际漏保率提高的问题,以及在其他多项社会救助制度与城市低保制度的对象识别机制绑定情况下,低保对象快速减少对整个社会救助制度社会效益的负面影响。在此基础上,本文对在新时代提高低保标准、精准识别等优化城市低保制度的建议进行了理论思考。
In recent years there has been a rapidly shrinking number of benefi ciaries of urban Minimal Living Standard Guarantee Scheme(Dibao), causing some analyses and rethinking of this program’s current performance and further development and even the social assistance system as a whole. Based on some statistical data, this paper analyzes the reasons for the rapid decline of urban Dibao benefi ciaries. The main reason is not the increase in poor people’s income or the decline of the nominal Dibao threshold, but the rigid means test measures and low Dibao threshold. This paper further analyzes the increase of the exclusionary targeting errors in Dibao coupled by the decrease of Dibao benefi ciaries, and its negative impact on social gains of the social assistance system, especially given that only the Dibao benefi ciaries are qualifi ed for several other social assistance schemes. On this basis, the paper proposes some policy recommendations to improve the urban Dibao system, including increasing Dibao threshold and accurately targeting the benefi ciaries.
作者
关信平
Guan Xinping(Institute of Social Development and Administration,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)
出处
《社会保障评论》
CSSCI
2019年第1期131-140,共10页
Chinese Social Security Review
关键词
城市低保
低保标准
低保对象
社会救助
urban Dibao
Dibao threshold
Dibao benefi ciaries
social assistance
