摘要
"十三五"以来,环保问题受到重视,为延长发动机的使用寿命,并适应日益严苛的排放标准,内燃机油开始向绿色节能方向转变。现阶段广泛应用的碱金属清净剂以其高碱值而具有良好的酸中和能力以及清净性等优点,但由于金属含量高,会额外产生积炭问题。因此,开发新型低灰分高碱值清净剂变得至关重要。文章简要介绍了活塞顶部积炭产生的原因及主要成分,提出在满足润滑油所需碱值的前提下,减少金属含量,降低硫酸盐灰分,将成为清净剂发展的趋势,并回顾了市面上主要无灰分散剂的种类。国外大型润滑油公司在低灰分润滑油组分的研制已取得初步进展,先后开发了多种不同类型、不同结构的化合物加入润滑油基础油中,文章对国内外的研究成果进行了综述。
Since the 13 th five-year plan,environmental protection has received wide attention. In order to improve the service life of engines and adapt to the ever-increasing standards of emissions,internal combustion engine oil began to shift in the direction of green and energy saving. Alkali metal detergents which are widely used at the present stage have some advantages due to high alkali value,such as good acid neutralization ability and cleanliness. Because of the high metal content,a problem about extra carbon deposition comes out.As a result,developing a new type of detergent which has low ash and high alkali value becomes critical. The paper not only briefly introduces the reasons and elements of the carbon at the top of the piston,but also proposes low metal content detergents with high alkali value and low sulphated ash will become the new trend. It also lists the main cleaning dispersants on the market. The foreign lubricating oil companies have made preliminary progress in the research and development of low ash lubricating oil components,and have developed a variety of compounds with different types and structures as detergents in base oil. The paper summarizes the research achievements at home and abroad.
作者
王思奇
段庆华
WANG Si-qi;DUAN Qing-hua(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《润滑油》
CAS
2019年第1期31-37,共7页
Lubricating Oil
关键词
积炭
低灰分
清净分散剂
进展
carbon deposition
low ash
clean dispersant
progress
