摘要
随着人口老龄化的不断加剧,日本老年人口增多,少年人口和劳动年龄人口逐渐减少。人口结构变化对日本劳动力供应带来很大的影响。而且日本是长寿之国,人口平均寿命世界之最,如何让老年人的晚年过得更有意义,让老年人成为促进社会发展的因素是日本政府面临的新课题。为了保持劳动力规模,日本政府积极促进老年雇佣制度的发展,保障老年劳动力供给,弥补劳动力不足。中国是人口大国,老年人口基数大,而且近几年每年的出生人数在减少,也将会面临劳动年龄人口减少、劳动力不足问题。日本经验可以为解决我国面临的老龄化问题提供有益的借鉴。
With the aging of the population,the number of elderly people in Japan has increased,and the population of the juvenile and the working-age population has gradually decreased.Demographic changes have had a major impact on Japanese labor supply.Moreover,Japan is the country of longevity,and the average life expectancy of the population is the highest in the world.How to make older people’s later years more meaningful,and let the elderly become a factor in promoting social development is a new topic facing the Japanese government.In order to maintain the scale of the labor force,the Japanese government actively promotes the development of the old-age employment system,guarantees the supply of the elderly labor force,and compensates for the shortage of labor.China is a populous country with a large population base,and the number of births is decreasing every year in recent years.It will also face a problem of a reduction in the working-age population and a shortage of labor.The Japanese experience can provide a useful reference for solving the aging problem facing our country.
作者
丁英顺
DING Ying-shun(Institute of Japanese Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing100007,China)
出处
《前沿》
2019年第3期65-70,共6页
Forward Position
基金
中国社会科学院创新工程项目“日本社会问题与社会治理”(GJ082017SCX2976)
关键词
人口老龄化
劳动力短缺
高龄者雇用安定法
禁止就业年龄歧视
ageing population
labor shortage
elderly people adopting stability law
prohibiting employment age discrimination
