摘要
洛地先生提出的“律词”的概念,可将中国音乐文学史上诸种歌辞排除在外,使我们对调体性质的认识更为清晰。所谓“律词”,是指合格律的词作,或具有格律规范的词作。唐宋以来的词,可称为“律词”。但如果仅从民族文学形式着眼而无视其为音乐文学,遂以为它是从唐代格律诗体发展演化而形成的,就忽视了词体出现的特定文化条件,以致掩蔽了其艺术特质。律词的产生并非由于近体诗格律的发展,是其句式简单变化的结果,而是由于隋唐新燕乐的流行应运而生的新体音乐文学。律词是唐代新燕乐的歌辞,敦煌曲子词已是律词。每一支燕乐曲歌辞的始辞是倚声制作的,经过许多文人的模拟,遂使该乐曲成为具有独特格律意义的词调。因其倚声制词,以辞从乐,故是长短句的形式,并形成以调调定位的独特的格律。唐宋时词是依据音谱而演唱的,在此情形下,并未因律词的产生而弱化原有的乐曲,而是使律词音乐化了。律词与音乐的关系不仅是歌辞与音乐系统的结合,它们在形式上也融合,因而律词是中国音乐文学的最高级形态。
The conception 'Lu Ci' given by Luo Di tends to exclude the various songs in music and literature history, thus making us more clearly aware of the songs' nature. 'Lii Ci' refers to those rhythm song works or those possessing the rhythm rules. Songs since the Tang and Song Dynasty are called 'Lii Ci'. One may think that it develops from a rhythm verse in the Tang Dynasty if viewing it only from a national literature form and not regarding it as musical literature, thus neglecting the certain cultural conditian of this song form' s being and even hiding its art' s quality. The appearance of 'Lii Ci' doesn' t occur with the development of recent poem rhythm or the simple change of sentence structure. It's a new form musical literature with the popularity of New Yan - Yue in the Sui and Tang Dynasty. Songs in the Tang and Song Dynasty were performed according to notes. This doesn't weaken the original music with the appearance of 'Lii Ci', but in turn it brings 'Lii Ci' music elements. The relation letween 'Lii Ci' and music is not only a combination of songs and music system, but also a mixture of their forms, thus 'Lii Ci' is the supreme state of China music literature.
出处
《南阳师范学院学报》
CAS
2003年第2期50-55,共6页
Journal of Nanyang Normal University
关键词
律词
音乐文学
格律
近体诗
词体
燕乐
Lu Ci
New Yan - yue
music literature
appoggiature rhythm
