摘要
在上海市 2个区内 4个居委随机选择 1 8岁及以上非学生身份的居民进行问卷调查。方法 居民的健康状况、慢性病患病状况和个人月均收入由居民自报。数据分析时 ,采用了描述性统计指标、χ2 检验、Logistic分析法及健康或慢性病患病差别指数。结果 在调查的居民中 ,自认为健康状况较差或差者占 1 0 76 % ,有慢性疾病者占35 1 0 % ;其中 ,老年居民自认为健康状况较差或差者占 2 8 1 9% ,有慢性疾病者占 68 30 %。Logistic分析显示 ,影响居民健康状况的主要因素是年龄和个人的月均收入 (老年居民还包括性别和学历层次 ) ;影响居民慢性病患病状况的主要因素是年龄和有无社会医疗保险。经年龄标化后 ,个人月均收入低者的健康状况较差或差的比例明显高于个人月均收入高者 ,年龄标化后的健康差别指数为 1 5 76 % ;无社会医疗保险者的慢性病患病率明显高于有社会医疗保险者 ,年龄标化后的慢性病患病差别指数为 1 80 %。讨论与建议 政府应进一步加强对社区卫生服务的扶持 ;应促进经济发展、改善人民生活状况 ,适当减少人们利用卫生服务的经济障碍 ,提高人群受教育程度 ;缩小社会在享有经济财富、受教育的程度、医疗保障、卫生服务利用和健康上的差异 ,以利于提高人民健康 。
Subjects. We randomly surveyed some non-student residents aged above 18 years old with the questionnaire in 4 neighborhoods in two districts in Shanghai. Methods. The residents reported their health status, chronic diseases and individual income per month. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistical index, χ2-test, Logistic analysis and differential index of health or chronic diseases. Results. The proportion of the residents thinking their health status worse or bad is 10.76% and the prevalence of chronic diseases is 35.10%. Among of them, the proportion of thinking their health status worse or bad is 28.19% for the elderly residents and the prevalence of chronic diseases is 68.30%. The Logistic analysis shows that the main factors influencing the residents' health status are age and social medical insurance. Through age standardization, the proportion of the residents thinking their health status worse or bad for the residents with low income is higher than that of the residents with high income. The health differential index by age standardization is 15.76%. The prevalence of chronic diseases for the residents without social medical insurance is higher than that of the residents with social medical insurance. The chronic diseases differential index by age standardization is 1.80%. Discussions. The government should support community health service further more, encourage economic development and improve people's life level to reduce the residents' economic burden for using health service and improve education level, lessen the differences of enjoying economy, education, medical insurance, health service utility and health status for the society to improve people's health status and maintain social equity. Authors′address Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
出处
《中国卫生事业管理》
2003年第5期260-262,271,共4页
Chinese Health Service Management
