摘要
针对圆周四等分深孔内键槽加工精度不高、加工键槽与基准通槽对称度较难控制及加工对称度较差等问题,在分析产生对称度超差的基础上,运用形位公差测量原理,结合空间对称度误差测量及评定方法,提出利用投影直线与基准直线夹角的方式确定对称度误差及基于对称度在线检测及补偿的新式加工方法。设计双层组合式手动自定心夹具,实现径向自定心定位和轴向端面定位,同时,将内置基准通槽参考基面导出并确保其精度能够被有效检测和控制;设计联机式多自由度对称度检测装置,提出利用该装置实现对称度误差量的检测及装置有效控制的基本方法,并在此基础上开发了自动检测对称度误差量的数控程序;通过采用数控插齿机伺服控制回转轴的角度补偿及斜向让刀的平移补偿方法,并结合数控系统程序控制定角度加工的方式实现了高对称度深孔内键槽的批量加工。深孔内键槽加工实例证明,夹具结构及联机式多自由度对称度检测装置具有较好的可靠性,且基于对称度检测及补偿的深孔内键槽插削加工方法能够稳定的控制加工对称度在0.03 mm以内,从而验证了此方法的合理性和准确性,为高对称度深孔内键槽的加工提供了一种新的途径。
Shaping processing of circular quartering keyway in deep hole often exhibits low accuracy, low symmetry between keyway and the reference plane, which is also difficult to control. On the analysis of why the symmetry out of permission, and the use of form and location tolerance measurement principle, and the method of measurement and evaluation of space symmetry error, a new machining method based on symmetry detection and compensation on line is proposed by means of controlling the angel between the projection line and the standard line. A double combined manual self-cantering fixture is also designed to realize the radial self-cantering and axial location, and the reference plane of built-in straight slot is derived out to make it detectable and controllable. An online multi-degree of freedom symmetry detection device and corresponding numerical control(NC) programs are also designed for automatic detection and control of symmetry error. Subsequently, mass production of high symmetric deep hole keyways are finished by means of NC gear shaper servo control of rotating shaft angle compensation and bidirectional cutter back-off amount translation compensation, and combination of NC control of fixed angle processing. Deep hole keyway processing examples indicate that the fixture structure and the online multi-degree of freedom symmetry detection device is reasonable and reliable, which can keep the symmetry error of deep hole keyway within 0.03 mm. And it provided a new processing approach for high precision deep hole keyway processing.
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期222-232,共11页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(51205230,51405265)
三峡大学硕士学位论文培优基金(2017YPY029)资助项目
关键词
深孔内键槽
空间对称度
自定心夹具
对称度检测装置
对称误差补偿
插削加工
deep hole keyway
space symmetry degree
self-centering fixture
symmetry degree detection device
symmetry error compensation
shaping processing
