摘要
为探究芥菜浸提液对豇豆种子发芽和连作下豇豆早期幼苗生长影响的生理机制,在盆栽条件下,研究不同浓度(0、10、20、40 g·L^(-1))的芥菜浸提液对豇豆种子萌发及5年连作条件下豇豆幼苗生长指标、根系形态指标、叶片保护酶活性和土壤性质的影响。结果表明,高浓度(40 g·L^(-1))芥菜浸提液对种子萌发和胚根生长有强烈的抑制作用,其中发芽率、活力指数、胚根长度和数量分别显著降低85. 70%、82. 66%、36. 15%和46. 54%;而低浓度(10 g·L^(-1))芥菜浸提液对种子胚根生长有显著的促进作用,其中胚根长度和数量分别显著提高44. 84%和80. 82%。豇豆连作土壤浇灌芥菜水浸提液可不同程度地增加豇豆幼苗株高、茎粗、干质量、鲜质量和壮苗指数,在低浓度处理下豇豆生长指标分别显著增加60. 33%、12. 24%、85. 87%、77. 31%和50. 82%;此外,豇豆幼苗根长度、根系表面积、根体积、根尖数等根系指标也均有不同程度地增加,其中以低浓度浸提液处理下的豇豆幼苗综合指标最好。芥菜浸提液处理还能促进幼苗叶片过氧化氢(H2O2)含量升高、以及抗氧化酶活性的提升,其中H2O2含量,过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)活性均随着芥菜浸提液浓度的增加而降低,过氧化物酶(POD)活性则相反,而谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性未表现出明显的规律;芥菜浸提液还可以提高土壤pH值,降低土壤电导率,以及提高土壤酶活性,其中蔗糖酶和酸性磷酸酶活性随着芥菜浸提液浓度的增加而升高。综上所述,不同浓度芥菜浸提液对豇豆种子萌发起着低促高抑的作用,芥菜与豇豆之间存在明显的化感作用;芥菜浸提液可通过提高豇豆幼苗的抗氧化酶活性和改善豇豆根系环境,促进豇豆幼苗生长,缓解连作障碍对豇豆幼苗的危害,从而提高豇豆幼苗的抗逆能力。本研究结果为缓解豇豆连作障碍�
To explore physiological mechanism of the influence of the aqueous extract of mustard on seed germination and early seedling growth of continuous cropping cowpea,pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of aqueous extract of mustard with different concentrations( 0,10,20,40 g·L-1) on cowpea seed germination and cowpea seedling growth indexes,indexes of root morphology,protective enzyme activities of leaf and soil properties under the condition of five-year continuous cropping. Results showed that the high concentration( 40 g·L-1) of aqueous extract of mustard had strong inhibition on seed germination and radicle growth,and germination rate,vigor index,radicle length and the number of radicle decreased by 85. 70%,82. 66%,36. 15% and 46. 54%,respectively. However,low concentration( 10 g·L-1) of aqueous extract of mustard significantly promoted the growth of seed radicle,and the radicle length and the number of radicle increased by 44. 84% and 80. 82%,respectively. Cowpea seedling height,stem diameter,dry weight,fresh weight and strong seedling index could be significantly increased by watering continuous cowpea cropping soil with aqueous extract of mustard,and those growth indexes under the lower concentration were increased by60. 33%,12. 24%,85. 87%,77. 31% and 50. 82%,respectively. In addition,root morphology indexes of cowpea seedling such as root length,root surface area,root volume and the number of root tip were also improved to varying degrees. The comprehensive index of cowpea seedlings under the treatment of low concentration aqueous extract of mustard was the best. The treatment of aqueous extract of mustard could promote the explosion of hydrogen peroxide( H2 O2) and promote the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of the seedlings. The content of hydrogen peroxide,catalase( CAT), superoxide dismutase( SOD), and dehydroascorbate reductase( DHAR) activities decreased and peroxidase( POD) activity increased with the concentration of aqueous extract of mustard growing,while glutathi
作者
陈昱
张福建
杨有新
范淑英
王强
吴超群
王丰
吴才君
CHEN Yu;ZHANG Fujian;YANG Youxin;FAN Shuying;WANG Qiang;WU Chaoqun;WANG Feng;WU Caijun((College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045)
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期1038-1047,共10页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
江西省现代农业科研协同创新专项经费(JXXTCX2015005-002)
江西省重点研发计划项目重大项目(20161ACF60015)
江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(JXARS-06)
关键词
芥菜水浸提液
豇豆
连作障碍
抗氧化酶
土壤酶
mustard water extract
cowpea
continuous cropping obstacle
antioxidant enzyme
soil enzyme
