摘要
为识别入湖河流对洱海水质的影响,2013年9月—2014年8月对洱海西部入湖河流白鹤溪进行了为期1 a的水质监测,研究其主要污染物时空变化特征,估算污染物的入湖负荷量并解析其来源。结果表明:白鹤溪上游区和中游区水质较好,平均为GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类水质,下游区和入湖区水质较差,为Ⅳ类水质;白鹤溪COD_(Mn)〔(5. 10±1. 38) mg/L〕、NH_4^+-N浓度〔(0. 87±0. 76) mg/L〕较低,TN浓度〔(2. 81±1. 24) mg/L〕、TP浓度〔(0. 26±0. 12) mg/L〕较高,TN和TP是水质污染的主要指标。白鹤溪主要污染物7—10月入湖负荷量最高,占全年入湖负荷总量的70%左右;其次是12月—翌年2月,占全年入湖负荷总量的18%左右。雨季白鹤溪CODMn、NO_3^--N浓度显著高于旱季(P <0. 05),而NH_4^+-N、TN和TP浓度雨季与旱季没有显著差异,说明COD_(Mn)、NO_3^--N主要来自非点源污染,而NH_4^+-N、TN和TP主要来自点源和非点源污染的共同输入。
To explore the impacts of the inflow rivers on the water quality of Erhai Lake, a continuous survey of water quality for the Baihexi River, the inflow river of west Erhai Lake, was carried out from September 2013 to August 2014. The spatial and temporal variations of the pollutant concentrations and sources were studied, the pollutant loads into the lake estimated, and their main sources analyzed. The results indicated that the water quality of the upstream and the midstream of the Baihexi River were relatively good, with an average of Grade Ⅲ( Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water( GB 3838-2002));followed by the estuary and downstream regions, which were in Grade Ⅳ. The CODMn(( 5. 10 ± 1. 38) mg/L) and concentration of NH4+-N(( 0. 87 ± 0. 76)mg/L) in Baihexi River was relatively low, while the concentration of TN(( 2. 81 ± 1. 24) mg/L) and TP(( 0. 26 ±0. 12) mg/L) was high, TN and TP are the main indicators of water pollution. The main pollutant loads were the highest during July to October, accounting for about 70% of the total annual pollutant loads, followed by December to February, accounting for 18% or so, and the pollutant loads were relatively low in other months. The CODMn and NO3--N concentrations in the wet season were obviously higher than those in the dry season( P < 0. 05), while the concentrations of NH4+-N, TN and TP in the wet season had no significant difference with those in the dry season.These indicated that CODMnand NO3--N mainly derived from non-point sources, while NH4+-N, TN and TP were affected by both point sources and non-point sources.
作者
代丹
葛俊
胡小贞
雷坤
庞燕
孔欣
管鹤卿
DAI Dan;GE Jun;HU Xiaozhen;LEI Kun;PANG Yan;KONG Xin;GUAN Heqing(College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《环境工程技术学报》
CAS
2019年第2期159-166,共8页
Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07301006006)
关键词
入湖河流
污染负荷
时空变化
白鹤溪
洱海
inflow river
pollutant
spatial variation
Baihexi River
Erhai Lake
