摘要
探讨不同类型生态沟渠在实际应用中的径流氮磷拦截效应,对农业面源污染防治具有重要意义。以广州增城生态农业基地内生态化改造后的4条沟渠为研究对象,分析比较不同构造类型和植物配置方式对稻田排水截留净化效果的影响。结果表明:受降雨事件影响,生态沟渠不同监测断面的水质变化特征在降雨前后发生显著变化。沟渠不同断面水体NH_(4)^(+)和NO_(3)^(−)含量,在降雨发生期间沿水流方向略有增加;而降雨结束后沿水流方向呈现降低趋势,表现出一定的污染物削减效果。单因素方差分析结果表明,构造类型和植物配置方式不同的4条生态沟渠对径流水体NH_(4)^(+)和DO的净化效果存在显著差异(P<0.05)。进一步选择植物配置方式相同但构造类型不同的两种生态沟渠(素土生态沟渠和多孔砖生态沟渠),深入比较其对氮、磷和COD等面源径流污染物的削减效果发现:由入口到出口断面,素土生态沟渠和多孔砖生态沟渠水体氮、磷和COD含量均呈逐步下降趋势,多孔砖生态沟渠对水体NH_(4)^(+)、NO_(3)^(−)、TN、TP和COD的平均削减率(28%、50%、30%、54%和41%)均高于素土生态沟渠(26%、25%、23%、33%和27%)。综上,相比素土生态沟渠而言,该研究中多孔砖生态沟渠对面源污染物净化效果更佳。因此在进行农田沟渠生态化改造时,因地制宜选择合适的生态沟渠类型,可有效提高其对面源径流污染物的拦截净化效果。
It is of great significance for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution to study the nitrogen and phosphorus interception effects of different types of ecological ditches in practical applications.In this study,four ecological ditches with different tectonic types and plant configurations were selected to study their purification effects on the drainage of rice fields.These ecological ditches were transformed from conventional agricultural unlined earthen ditches and cement ditches,located in an ecological agriculture base in Guangzhou.Results showed that,due to the influence of rainfall events,water quality of different monitoring sections of ecological ditch changed significantly before and after rainfall.The contents of NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(−)in different sections of the ditch increased slightly along the flow direction during the rainfall period,but decreased along the direction of water flow after rain.The results of one-way ANOVA showed that the purification effects of ecological ditches on NH_(4)^(+)and DO in runoff water were significantly different among the four ecological ditches with different tectonic types and plant configurations(P<0.05).In addition,two ecological ditches with the same plant configuration and different tectonic types(with and without perforated bricks on slope)were selected to further compare their purification effects on non-point source runoff pollutants such as nitrogen,phosphorus and COD.Results showed that the contents of NH_(4)^(+),NO_(3)^(−),TN,TP and COD in the two ecological ditches decreased gradually from the inlet to the outlet.By comparing the reduction rates of runoff pollutant in the two ecological ditches,it was found that the average reduction rates of NH_(4)^(+),NO_(3)^(−),TN,TP and COD in the ecological ditch with perforated bricks(28%,50%,30%,54%and 41%)were higher than those in the ecological ditch without perforated bricks(26%,25%,23%,33%and 27%).In conclusion,compared with the ecological ditch without perforated bricks,the
作者
郝贝贝
王楠
吴昊平
周智鑫
张思毅
贺斌
HAO Beibei;WANG Nan;WU Haoping;ZHOU Zhixin;ZHANG Siyi;HE Bin(Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management/Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,P.R.China;National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China,Guangzhou 510650,P.R.China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization/Environmental Horticulture Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,P.R.China;Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,College of Resource and Environment,Guangzhou 510225,P.R.China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期1856-1864,共9页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42177065,52000041,41977010)
广东省重点研发计划(2020B1111530001)
广东省科技计划项目(2020B1212060048)。
关键词
生态沟渠
农田排水
面源径流污染物
去除效率
ecological ditch
farmland drainage
non-point source pollutants
removal efficiency
