摘要
目的探讨高校大学生对大气PM2.5的个体暴露水平及与室外和监测站点PM2.5浓度的关系。方法于2016年12月采用方便抽样的方法记录15名某高校大学生连续10 d的时间-活动日志,同时测定教学楼、办公楼、宿舍楼、操场等场所不同时间段的PM2.5浓度,计算每名调查对象的全天PM2.5个体暴露水平,用单因素线性回归拟合不同场所与操场PM2.5浓度的关系及该校园内学生的暴露水平与监测站点PM2.5浓度的关系,并建立模型对个体暴露水平及其平均值进行预测。结果宿舍、教室或办公室与操场的PM2.5浓度比值分别约为0.52(R2=0.941 5,P<0.01),0.80(R2=0.952 6,P<0.01);佩戴口罩时的操场上PM2.5暴露浓度基本维持在(23±6.39)μg/m3。15名大学生的PM2.5时间加权日暴露浓度与监测站点PM2.5浓度有相似的变化趋势,比值约为0.79(R2=0.889 4,P<0.01)。以建模样本残差的1倍标准差为基准,有88.0%的调查对象日暴露浓度拟合值与实测值在±30.84μg/m3范围内。结论教学楼、办公楼、宿舍等室内PM2.5浓度与操场浓度呈正比例关系,个体暴露水平与监测站点PM2.5浓度数据呈正比例关系,可用于预测大学生个体和群体的PM2.5日暴露水平。
Objective To confirm the association between the personal exposure level and the concentration of fine particulate matter(PM2.5)presented by the monitoring sites.Methods A total of 15 college student volunteers were selected for a 10-day follow-up survey.Their exposure level was calculated by the concentration of PM2.5 in teaching building,office building,dormitory building,playground and other places in different time according to their 24-hour time-activity pattern.Conversion relationship between outdoor concentration of PM2.5 and that in different places was estimated by simple linear regression,as well as the relationship between the personal exposure level and the concentration of PM2.5 in the playground.The model was developed to predict the personal exposure level and its mean.Results Compared with the playground,the PM2.5 concentration ratio of the dormitory and the teaching/office building were approximately 0.52(R2=0.941 5,P<0.01)and 0.80(R2=0.952 6,P<0.01).The personal PM2.5 exposure concentration could be maintained at(23±6.39)μg/m3 while wearing a mask in the playground.The trends of the time-weighted exposure level to PM2.5 of the 15 students were similar to the concentration of PM2.5 in the monitoring site,ratio of which was approximately 0.79(R2=0.889 4,P<0.01).Based on the standard deviation of residuals,88.0%of the personal exposure concentration fitted the measured value within the range of±30.84μg/m3.Conclusion The indoor PM2.5 concentrations in the teaching building,office building and dormitory building were proportional to those in the playground.Individual exposure concentration is proportional to PM2.5 concentration data in the monitoring site,which can be used to predict PM2.5 daily exposure levels for individual and population in the university.
作者
韩冰峰
郭苏影
魏雪涛
宋晓明
王洪源
蒋建军
顾学琳
赵寓藏
HAN Bing-feng;GUO Su-ying;WEI Xue-tao;SONG Xiao-ming;WANG Hong-yuan;JIANG Jian-jun;GU Xue-lin;ZHAO Yu-cang(School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第11期984-987,共4页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
北京大学公共卫生学院本科生PBL教学项目
关键词
PM2.5
暴露
预测
Fine particulate matter(PM2.5)
Exposure
Prediction
